महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-22, verse-14

मन उवाच ।
न घ्राति मामृते घ्राणं रसं जिह्वा न बुध्यते ।
रूपं चक्षुर्न गृह्णाति त्वक्स्पर्शं नावबुध्यते ॥१४॥

14. mana uvāca ,
na ghrāti māmṛte ghrāṇaṁ rasaṁ jihvā na budhyate ,
rūpaṁ cakṣurna gṛhṇāti tvaksparśaṁ nāvabudhyate.

14. manas uvāca na ghrāti mām ṛte ghrāṇam rasam jihvā na
budhyate rūpam cakṣuḥ na gṛhṇāti tvak sparśam na avabudhyate

14. manas uvāca mām ṛte ghrāṇam na ghrāti jihvā rasam na
budhyate cakṣuḥ rūpam na gṛhṇāti tvak sparśam na avabudhyate

14. The mind (manas) spoke: 'Without me, the nose (ghrāṇa) does not smell, the tongue (jihvā) does not perceive taste, the eye (cakṣus) does not grasp form, and the skin (tvak) does not comprehend touch.'

Words meanings summery:

• मनस् (manas) - the mind (mind, intellect)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• न (na) - not, no

• घ्राति (ghrāti) - smells

• माम् (mām) - me, myself

• ऋते (ṛte) - without, except

• घ्राणम् (ghrāṇam) - the nose (as an organ) (nose, sense of smell)

• रसम् (rasam) - taste, flavor, essence

• जिह्वा (jihvā) - the tongue (as an organ) (tongue)

• न (na) - not, no

• बुध्यते (budhyate) - perceives, understands

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form (as an object of sight) (form, appearance, color, beauty)

• चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - the eye (as an organ) (eye, sight)

• न (na) - not, no

• गृह्णाति (gṛhṇāti) - takes, grasps, apprehends

• त्वक् (tvak) - the skin (as an organ) (skin, hide, bark)

• स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - touch (as an object of sense) (touch, contact)

• न (na) - not, no

• अवबुध्यते (avabudhyate) - perceives, understands

Words meanings and morphology

मनस् (manas) - the mind (mind, intellect)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, thought

root man

Root: man

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

perfect form of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

घ्राति (ghrāti) - smells

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ghrā

Root: ghrā (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me, myself

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

ऋते (ṛte) - without, except

(indeclinable)

घ्राणम् (ghrāṇam) - the nose (as an organ) (nose, sense of smell)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghrāṇa

ghrāṇa - nose, sense of smell

from root ghrā (to smell)

Root: ghrā

रसम् (rasam) - taste, flavor, essence

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - taste, juice, essence, emotion

Root: ras

जिह्वा (jihvā) - the tongue (as an organ) (tongue)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jihvā

jihvā - tongue

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

बुध्यते (budhyate) - perceives, understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of budh

passive or middle voice, root class 4

Root: budh (class 4)

रूपम् (rūpam) - form (as an object of sight) (form, appearance, color, beauty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

Root: rūp

चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - the eye (as an organ) (eye, sight)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cakṣus

cakṣus - eye, sight, vision

Root: cakṣ

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

गृह्णाति (gṛhṇāti) - takes, grasps, apprehends

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of grah

root class 9

Root: grah (class 9)

त्वक् (tvak) - the skin (as an organ) (skin, hide, bark)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tvac

tvac - skin, hide, bark, rind

Nominative singular of tvac (feminine noun ending in c)

स्पर्शम् (sparśam) - touch (as an object of sense) (touch, contact)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sparśa

sparśa - touch, contact

from root spṛś (to touch)

Root: spṛś

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अवबुध्यते (avabudhyate) - perceives, understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of avabudh

formed with prefix ava- from root budh, passive or middle voice, root class 4

Prefix: ava

Root: budh (class 4)