महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-98, verse-11

भवेत्स गुरुतल्पी च ब्रह्महा च तथा भवेत् ।
सुरापानं च कुर्यात्स यो हन्याच्छरणागतम् ॥११॥

11. bhavetsa gurutalpī ca brahmahā ca tathā bhavet ,
surāpānaṁ ca kuryātsa yo hanyāccharaṇāgatam.

11. bhavet saḥ gurutalpī ca brahmahā ca tathā bhavet
surāpānam ca kuryāt saḥ yaḥ hanyāt śaraṇāgatam

11. Whoever kills a refugee is considered a defiler of the (guru) teacher's bed and a slayer of a brahmin (brahmahā). And that person would also commit the grave sin of drinking liquor.

Words meanings summery:

• भवेत् (bhavet) - he would be (he would be, he should be, may he be)

• सः (saḥ) - that person (he, that one (demonstrative pronoun))

• गुरुतल्पी (gurutalpī) - defiler of the (guru) teacher's bed (defiler of the guru's bed, incestuous with guru's wife, a grave sinner)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - slayer of a brahmin (brahmahā) (slayer of a brahmin (brāhmaṇa), one who commits brahmahatyā)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, also (thus, so, similarly, also)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - he would be (he would be, he should be, may he be)

• सुरापानम् (surāpānam) - the drinking of liquor (drinking of wine/liquor)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would commit (should do, would do, may do)

• सः (saḥ) - that person (he, that one (demonstrative pronoun))

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever (relative pronoun))

• हन्यात् (hanyāt) - would be considered as one who kills (should kill, would kill, may kill)

• शरणागतम् (śaraṇāgatam) - a refugee (one who has sought refuge, a refugee, a supplicant)

Words meanings and morphology

भवेत् (bhavet) - he would be (he would be, he should be, may he be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Expresses a potential or hypothetical outcome.

सः (saḥ) - that person (he, that one (demonstrative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yaḥ'.

गुरुतल्पी (gurutalpī) - defiler of the (guru) teacher's bed (defiler of the guru's bed, incestuous with guru's wife, a grave sinner)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gurutalpin

gurutalpin - defiler of a guru's bed, guilty of incest with guru's wife (one of the five mahāpātakas)

Derived from guru (teacher) + talpa (bed) + in (suffix)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (guru+talpa)

• guru – teacher, spiritual preceptor, heavy, important
  noun (masculine)
• talpa – bed, couch, sleeping place
  noun (neuter)

Note: The full word is 'gurutalpin' in its base form.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

ब्रह्महा (brahmahā) - slayer of a brahmin (brahmahā) (slayer of a brahmin (brāhmaṇa), one who commits brahmahatyā)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmahan

brahmahan - slayer of a brahmin (brāhmaṇa), one who commits brahmahatyā (the sin of killing a brahmin)

Compound of brahman (brahmin/sacred knowledge) + han (slayer)

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+han)

• brahman – Brahmin (member of the priestly class), sacred knowledge, the Absolute (brahman)
  noun (masculine)
• han – slayer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  From root han (to kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: The full word is 'brahmahan' in its base form.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, also (thus, so, similarly, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to link similar ideas or consequences.

भवेत् (bhavet) - he would be (he would be, he should be, may he be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Expresses a potential or hypothetical outcome.

सुरापानम् (surāpānam) - the drinking of liquor (drinking of wine/liquor)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of surāpāna

surāpāna - drinking of wine or spirituous liquor (one of the five mahāpātakas)

Compound of surā (liquor) + pāna (drinking)

Compound type : tatpurusha (surā+pāna)

• surā – liquor, wine, spirituous drink
  noun (feminine)
• pāna – drinking, act of drinking
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  From root pā (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: The base is surāpāna.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would commit (should do, would do, may do)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses a potential or hypothetical outcome.

सः (saḥ) - that person (he, that one (demonstrative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yaḥ'.

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Acts as the subject of 'hanyāt'.

हन्यात् (hanyāt) - would be considered as one who kills (should kill, would kill, may kill)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: The optative mood here indicates a strong moral judgment or a potential outcome.

शरणागतम् (śaraṇāgatam) - a refugee (one who has sought refuge, a refugee, a supplicant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaraṇāgata

śaraṇāgata - one who has come for protection, a refugee, a supplicant

Past Passive Participle

Compound of śaraṇa (refuge) + āgata (come)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śaraṇa+āgata)

• śaraṇa – shelter, refuge, protection, home
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śṛ (class 9)
• āgata – come, arrived, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (to go) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to someone who has sought and been granted protection.