महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-60, verse-21

पापं कुर्वन्ति यत्किंचित्प्रजा राज्ञा ह्यरक्षिताः ।
चतुर्थं तस्य पापस्य राजा भारत विन्दति ॥२१॥

21. pāpaṁ kurvanti yatkiṁcitprajā rājñā hyarakṣitāḥ ,
caturthaṁ tasya pāpasya rājā bhārata vindati.

21. pāpam kurvanti yat kiñcit prajāḥ rājñā hi arakṣitāḥ
caturtham tasya pāpasya rājā bhārata vindati

21. bhārata,
yat kiñcit pāpam prajāḥ rājñā hi arakṣitāḥ kurvanti,
rājā tasya pāpasya caturtham vindati

21. O Bhārata, whatever sin the people, being left unprotected by the king, commit, the king indeed incurs a fourth portion of that sin.

Words meanings summery:

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, wrong

• कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they commit (sins) (they do, they make, they perform)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (type of) sin (whatever, which, that)

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - whatever little or any kind of (sin) (anything, whatever, some)

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the common people of a kingdom (people, subjects)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• हि (hi) - emphasizes the reason for the king's share of sin (indeed, for, because)

• अरक्षिताः (arakṣitāḥ) - being in a state of not being protected by the king (unprotected)

• चतुर्थम् (caturtham) - one fourth share of the sin (a fourth (part), one-fourth)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (sin previously mentioned) (of that, his)

• पापस्य (pāpasya) - of sin, of evil

• राजा (rājā) - the king

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing one of the Kuru princes (e.g., Arjuna or Yudhiṣṭhira) in the Mahābhārata. (O descendant of Bhārata, O Bhārata)

• विन्दति (vindati) - incurs or suffers (the consequence of sin) (finds, obtains, incurs, gains)

Words meanings and morphology

पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, wrong

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, bad, wicked, sin, demerit

कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they commit (sins) (they do, they make, they perform)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present tense, 3rd person plural

Ubhayapada, present indicative, 3rd person plural.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यत् (yat) - whatever (type of) sin (whatever, which, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever (relative pronoun)

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - whatever little or any kind of (sin) (anything, whatever, some)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kiñcid

kiñcid - anything, something, whatever

Indefinite pronoun, `kim` + `cid`.

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the common people of a kingdom (people, subjects)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, subjects, people

Derived from prefix `pra` and root `jan` (to be born).

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

हि (hi) - emphasizes the reason for the king's share of sin (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

अरक्षिताः (arakṣitāḥ) - being in a state of not being protected by the king (unprotected)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of arakṣita

arakṣita - unprotected, unguarded

Past Passive Participle prefixed with negation `a`

From `a` (negation) + `rakṣ` (to protect) + `kta` (past passive participle suffix).

Prefix: a

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

चतुर्थम् (caturtham) - one fourth share of the sin (a fourth (part), one-fourth)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of caturtha

caturtha - fourth, a fourth part

Ordinal numeral, here used as a substantive.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (sin previously mentioned) (of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पापस्य (pāpasya) - of sin, of evil

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - evil, bad, wicked, sin, demerit

राजा (rājā) - the king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing one of the Kuru princes (e.g., Arjuna or Yudhiṣṭhira) in the Mahābhārata. (O descendant of Bhārata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, Indian, belonging to Bharata

Patronymic derivation from Bharata.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

विन्दति (vindati) - incurs or suffers (the consequence of sin) (finds, obtains, incurs, gains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present tense, 3rd person singular

Parasmaipada, present indicative, 3rd person singular, from root `vid` (class 6 meaning 'to find, obtain').

Root: vid (class 6)