महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-60, verse-20

अहं वो रक्षितेत्युक्त्वा यो न रक्षति भूमिपः ।
स संहत्य निहन्तव्यः श्वेव सोन्माद आतुरः ॥२०॥

20. ahaṁ vo rakṣitetyuktvā yo na rakṣati bhūmipaḥ ,
sa saṁhatya nihantavyaḥ śveva sonmāda āturaḥ.

20. aham vaḥ rakṣitā iti uktvā yaḥ na rakṣati bhūmipaḥ
saḥ saṃhatya nihantavyaḥ śvā iva saunmādaḥ āturaḥ

20. yaḥ bhūmipaḥ "aham vaḥ rakṣitā" iti uktvā na rakṣati,
saḥ saṃhatya saunmādaḥ āturaḥ śvā iva nihantavyaḥ

20. The king who, after declaring "I am your protector," fails to protect his people, should be killed collectively, just like a rabid, sick dog.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• वः (vaḥ) - your (people's) (your, to you, for you)

• रक्षिता (rakṣitā) - the one who protects (the people) (protector)

• इति (iti) - marks the quoted statement of the king (thus, so, (marks a quotation))

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - after having made a declaration (having said, having spoken)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• न (na) - not, no

• रक्षति (rakṣati) - performs the duty of protecting the people (protects)

• भूमिपः (bhūmipaḥ) - king, ruler (literally 'earth-protector')

• सः (saḥ) - that king (who does not protect) (he, that)

• संहत्य (saṁhatya) - by the people having united together (having united, having come together (to act))

• निहन्तव्यः (nihantavyaḥ) - worthy of being put to death (should be killed, is to be killed)

• श्वा (śvā) - a dog

• इव (iva) - introducing a comparison to a rabid dog (like, as, as if)

• सौन्मादः (saunmādaḥ) - mad or rabid, like a dog afflicted with madness (mad, delirious, rabid (with madness))

• आतुरः (āturaḥ) - ailing or suffering from disease, like a sick dog (sick, diseased, afflicted)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, myself

वः (vaḥ) - your (people's) (your, to you, for you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural)

रक्षिता (rakṣitā) - the one who protects (the people) (protector)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣitṛ

rakṣitṛ - protector, guardian

Agent noun from root

Derived from root `rakṣ` (to protect) with `tṛ` suffix.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

इति (iti) - marks the quoted statement of the king (thus, so, (marks a quotation))

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - after having made a declaration (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root `vac` (to speak) + `ktvā` (absolutive suffix); `vac` undergoes irregular sandhi to `ukta` stem.

Root: vac (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

रक्षति (rakṣati) - performs the duty of protecting the people (protects)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of rakṣ

Present tense, 3rd person singular

Parasmaipada, present indicative, 3rd person singular.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

भूमिपः (bhūmipaḥ) - king, ruler (literally 'earth-protector')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūmipa

bhūmipa - king, ruler, protector of the earth

Compound word.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pa)

• bhūmi – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• pa – protector, guardian, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root
  From root `pā` (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - that king (who does not protect) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

संहत्य (saṁhatya) - by the people having united together (having united, having come together (to act))

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from prefix `sam` + root `han` (to strike, to kill) + `lyap` (absolutive suffix).

Prefix: sam

Root: han (class 2)

निहन्तव्यः (nihantavyaḥ) - worthy of being put to death (should be killed, is to be killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihantavya

nihantavya - to be killed, fit to be killed, worthy of being killed

Gerundive (karmaṇi kṛtya)

Formed from prefix `ni` + root `han` (to kill) + `tavya` (gerundive suffix).

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

श्वा (śvā) - a dog

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvan

śvan - dog

इव (iva) - introducing a comparison to a rabid dog (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

सौन्मादः (saunmādaḥ) - mad or rabid, like a dog afflicted with madness (mad, delirious, rabid (with madness))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saunmāda

saunmāda - affected by madness, delirious, rabid

Compound of `sa` (with) + `unmāda` (madness).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+unmāda)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix or particle forming compounds, indicating accompaniment.
• unmāda – madness, insanity, delirium
  noun (masculine)
  From `ud` (up, out) + `mad` (to be mad).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: mad (class 4)

आतुरः (āturaḥ) - ailing or suffering from disease, like a sick dog (sick, diseased, afflicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātura

ātura - sick, diseased, afflicted, distressed

Derived from prefix `ā` + root `tur` (to hasten, be strong, to hurt).

Prefix: ā

Root: tur (class 6)