महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-60, verse-14

एते देया व्युष्टिमन्तो लघूपायाश्च भारत ।
अजुगुप्सांश्च विज्ञाय ब्राह्मणान्वृत्तिकर्शितान् ॥१४॥

14. ete deyā vyuṣṭimanto laghūpāyāśca bhārata ,
ajugupsāṁśca vijñāya brāhmaṇānvṛttikarśitān.

14. ete deyāḥ vyuṣṭimantaḥ laghūpāyāḥ ca bhārata
ajugupsān ca vijñāya brāhmaṇān vṛttikarśitān

14. O Bhārata, these gifts should be given, as they bring forth auspicious results and require little effort, having recognized those blameless Brahmins who are afflicted in their livelihood.

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - These gifts (mentioned in the previous verse) (these)

• देयाः (deyāḥ) - should be given, ought to be given

• व्युष्टिमन्तः (vyuṣṭimantaḥ) - yielding auspicious results, glorious, splendid

• लघूपायाः (laghūpāyāḥ) - easy to obtain, requiring little effort, simple in means

• च (ca) - and

• भारत (bhārata) - O Yudhishthira (O descendant of Bharata)

• अजुगुप्सान् (ajugupsān) - blameless, irreproachable, not to be reviled

• च (ca) - and

• विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having known, having recognized, understanding

• ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brahmins

• वृत्तिकर्शितान् (vṛttikarśitān) - afflicted by lack of livelihood, distressed in their means of support

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - These gifts (mentioned in the previous verse) (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

देयाः (deyāḥ) - should be given, ought to be given

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deya

deya - to be given, grantable, worthy of being given

Gerundive

Future passive participle/Gerundive from root dā (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

व्युष्टिमन्तः (vyuṣṭimantaḥ) - yielding auspicious results, glorious, splendid

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyuṣṭimat

vyuṣṭimat - having dawn/auspiciousness, yielding good results, splendid, glorious

Derived from vyuṣṭi (dawn, auspiciousness, good result) with the matup suffix meaning 'possessing'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vyuṣṭi+mat)

• vyuṣṭi – dawn, auspiciousness, good result, prosperity
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vas (class 2)
• mat – possessing, having (suffix)
  suffix
  Part of matup suffix, forming adjectives of possession.

Note: Agrees with 'ete' and 'deyāḥ'.

लघूपायाः (laghūpāyāḥ) - easy to obtain, requiring little effort, simple in means

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of laghūpāya

laghūpāya - having easy means, easily obtained, simple method

Compound type : bahuvrihi (laghu+upāya)

• laghu – light, easy, quick, small
  adjective
• upāya – means, expedient, method, approach
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'ete' and 'deyāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Yudhishthira (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a prince

अजुगुप्सान् (ajugupsān) - blameless, irreproachable, not to be reviled

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ajugupsa

ajugupsa - not to be blamed, blameless, irreproachable

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jugupsa)

• a – not, un-
  prefix
• jugupsa – disgusting, despicable, blameworthy
  adjective
  Desiderative nominal derivative
  From the desiderative stem of root gup (to blame).
  Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'brāhmaṇān'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having known, having recognized, understanding

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive formed from root jñā (to know) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brahmins

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class, related to brahman

वृत्तिकर्शितान् (vṛttikarśitān) - afflicted by lack of livelihood, distressed in their means of support

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛttikarśita

vṛttikarśita - distressed in livelihood, deprived of means of support, emaciated by want

Compound type : tatpurusha (vṛtti+karśita)

• vṛtti – livelihood, means of subsistence, conduct, activity
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• karśita – emaciated, distressed, afflicted, diminished
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle from root kṛś (to become thin, emaciated).
  Root: kṛś (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'brāhmaṇān'.