महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-19, verse-3

संदेहः सुमहानेष विरुद्ध इति मे मतिः ।
इह यः सहधर्मो वै प्रेत्यायं विहितः क्व नु ॥३॥

3. saṁdehaḥ sumahāneṣa viruddha iti me matiḥ ,
iha yaḥ sahadharmo vai pretyāyaṁ vihitaḥ kva nu.

3. saṃdehaḥ sumahān eṣaḥ viruddhaḥ iti me matiḥ iha
yaḥ sahadharmaḥ vai pretyā ayam vihitaḥ kva nu

3. eṣaḥ sumahān saṃdehaḥ me matiḥ iti viruddhaḥ iha
yaḥ sahadharmaḥ vai ayam pretyā kva nu vihitaḥ

3. This is indeed a very great doubt, and in my opinion, it is contradictory. The 'joint participation in (dharma)' that exists in this life, where then is this prescribed for the afterlife?

Words meanings summery:

• संदेहः (saṁdehaḥ) - doubt (doubt, uncertainty)

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great (very great, very large)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (doubt) (this)

• विरुद्धः (viruddhaḥ) - contradictory (contradictory, opposed, inconsistent)

• इति (iti) - that (introducing an opinion) (thus, so, in this manner (quotative particle))

• मे (me) - my (to me, my, by me)

• मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion (opinion, thought, understanding)

• इह (iha) - in this life, here (here, in this world, in this case)

• यः (yaḥ) - which (who, which)

• सहधर्मः (sahadharmaḥ) - joint participation in (dharma) (having the same (dharma), companion in (dharma), joint participant in (dharma))

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, truly)

• प्रेत्या (pretyā) - after death, in the afterlife (having gone, after dying, in the afterlife)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (sahadharma) (this)

• विहितः (vihitaḥ) - prescribed (prescribed, enjoined, ordained)

• क्व (kva) - where?

• नु (nu) - then (interrogative) (now, then, indeed, surely (interrogative or emphatic particle))

Words meanings and morphology

संदेहः (saṁdehaḥ) - doubt (doubt, uncertainty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃdeha

saṁdeha - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

Root dih with sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: dih (class 4)

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great (very great, very large)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, excellent

Intensified form of mahat with su-

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'saṃdehaḥ'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (doubt) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

विरुद्धः (viruddhaḥ) - contradictory (contradictory, opposed, inconsistent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viruddha

viruddha - opposed, contrary, contradictory

Past Passive Participle

Root rudh with vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Predicative.

इति (iti) - that (introducing an opinion) (thus, so, in this manner (quotative particle))

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my (to me, my, by me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion (opinion, thought, understanding)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - thought, opinion, intention

Root man (to think), suffix -ti

Root: man (class 4)

इह (iha) - in this life, here (here, in this world, in this case)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the current world or existence.

यः (yaḥ) - which (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who

Note: Relative pronoun.

सहधर्मः (sahadharmaḥ) - joint participation in (dharma) (having the same (dharma), companion in (dharma), joint participant in (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahadharma

sahadharma - joint participant in (dharma), common (dharma)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saha+dharma)

• saha – with, together
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: The subject of the clause.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, truly)

(indeclinable)

प्रेत्या (pretyā) - after death, in the afterlife (having gone, after dying, in the afterlife)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root i (to go) with pra-, suffix -tya

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) used adverbially.

अयम् (ayam) - this (sahadharma) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers back to 'sahadharmaḥ'.

विहितः (vihitaḥ) - prescribed (prescribed, enjoined, ordained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihita

vihita - prescribed, enjoined, performed, placed

Past Passive Participle

Root dhā (to place, put) with vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Predicative.

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - then (interrogative) (now, then, indeed, surely (interrogative or emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)