महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-146, verse-17

ऋषयश्चापि देवाश्च गन्धर्वाप्सरसस्तथा ।
लिङ्गमेवार्चयन्ति स्म यत्तदूर्ध्वं समास्थितम् ॥१७॥

17. ṛṣayaścāpi devāśca gandharvāpsarasastathā ,
liṅgamevārcayanti sma yattadūrdhvaṁ samāsthitam.

17. ṛṣayaḥ ca api devāḥ ca gandharvāpsarasaḥ tathā
liṅgam eva arcayanti sma yat tat ūrdhvam samāsthitam

17. ṛṣayaḥ ca api devāḥ ca tathā gandharvāpsarasaḥ
liṅgam eva arcayanti sma yat tat ūrdhvam samāsthitam

17. The sages, the gods, and likewise the Gandharvas and Apsarases, all worshipped that very emblem (liṅga) which was established upright.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

• च (ca) - and

• गन्धर्वाप्सरसः (gandharvāpsarasaḥ) - Gandharvas and Apsarases

• तथा (tathā) - likewise, similarly, and

• लिङ्गम् (liṅgam) - Śiva's emblem (the emblem, the sign)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अर्चयन्ति (arcayanti) - they worship, they honor

• स्म (sma) - (past tense indicator)

• यत् (yat) - which, that (neuter singular nominative/accusative)

• तत् (tat) - that (neuter singular nominative/accusative)

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, elevated, upright

• समास्थितम् (samāsthitam) - established upright (well-established, placed, situated)

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic hymn composer

Note: Subject of "arcayanti".

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects "ṛṣayaḥ" and "devāḥ".

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or inclusive particle.

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Note: Subject of "arcayanti".

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects "devāḥ" and "gandharvāpsarasaḥ".

गन्धर्वाप्सरसः (gandharvāpsarasaḥ) - Gandharvas and Apsarases

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gandharvāpsaras

gandharvāpsaras - Gandharvas (celestial musicians) and Apsarases (celestial dancers)

Compound type : dvandva (gandharva+apsaras)

• gandharva – celestial musician
  noun (masculine)
• apsaras – celestial nymph/dancer
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of "arcayanti".

तथा (tathā) - likewise, similarly, and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the list of subjects.

लिङ्गम् (liṅgam) - Śiva's emblem (the emblem, the sign)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of liṅga

liṅga - sign, mark, emblem, gender, phallus (specifically Śiva's liṅga)

Note: Object of "arcayanti".

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes "liṅgam".

अर्चयन्ति (arcayanti) - they worship, they honor

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of arcay

denominative verb from arcā

Denominative verb from arcā (worship), 10th class.

Root: arc (class 10)

Note: Verb for the subjects "ṛṣayaḥ", "devāḥ", "gandharvāpsarasaḥ".

स्म (sma) - (past tense indicator)

(indeclinable)

Note: Transforms present tense "arcayanti" into past tense "worshipped".

यत् (yat) - which, that (neuter singular nominative/accusative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Subject of "samāsthitam".

तत् (tat) - that (neuter singular nominative/accusative)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Emphasizes "yat".

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, elevated, upright

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies "samāsthitam".

समास्थितम् (samāsthitam) - established upright (well-established, placed, situated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samāsthita

samāsthita - well-placed, firmly established, existing, situated

Past Passive Participle

from sam-ā-√sthā (to stand, be placed) + kta

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with "yat" and refers to "liṅgam".