महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-146, verse-1

वासुदेव उवाच ।
युधिष्ठिर महाबाहो महाभाग्यं महात्मनः ।
रुद्राय बहुरूपाय बहुनाम्ने निबोध मे ॥१॥

1. vāsudeva uvāca ,
yudhiṣṭhira mahābāho mahābhāgyaṁ mahātmanaḥ ,
rudrāya bahurūpāya bahunāmne nibodha me.

1. vāsudeva uvāca yudhiṣṭhira mahābāho mahābhāgyam
mahātmanaḥ rudrāya bahurūpāya bahunāmne nibodha me

1. vāsudeva uvāca he yudhiṣṭhira he mahābāho me mahātmanaḥ
rudrāya bahurūpāya bahunāmne mahābhāgyam nibodha

1. Vāsudeva said: 'O Yudhishthira, O mighty-armed one, learn from me about the great glory (mahābhāgya) of the exalted one (mahātman) — Rudra, who possesses many forms and many names.'

Words meanings summery:

• वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - referring to Krishna (Vasudeva)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - an epithet for Yudhishthira (O mighty-armed one)

• महाभाग्यम् (mahābhāgyam) - great fortune, great glory

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - referring to Rudra (mahātman) (of the great soul, of the exalted one)

• रुद्राय (rudrāya) - to Rudra

• बहुरूपाय (bahurūpāya) - to the one of many forms

• बहुनाम्ने (bahunāmne) - to the one of many names

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand, perceive, learn

• मे (me) - from me (to me, for me, from me, my)

Words meanings and morphology

वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - referring to Krishna (Vasudeva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva, Krishna

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular Perfect Active of root vac (irregular, from √vac/√uc)

Root: vac (class 2)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (eldest Pandava brother)

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - an epithet for Yudhishthira (O mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

महाभाग्यम् (mahābhāgyam) - great fortune, great glory

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahābhāgya

mahābhāgya - great fortune, great glory, great auspiciousness

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+bhāgya)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bhāgya – fortune, destiny, auspiciousness
  noun (neuter)

Note: object of 'nibodha'

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - referring to Rudra (mahātman) (of the great soul, of the exalted one)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, exalted, noble, a great person

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – soul, self, essence
  noun (masculine)

रुद्राय (rudrāya) - to Rudra

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rudra

rudra - Rudra (a Vedic deity, later identified with Shiva)

Note: in apposition to 'mahātmanaḥ'

बहुरूपाय (bahurūpāya) - to the one of many forms

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of bahurūpa

bahurūpa - many-formed, multiform

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+rūpa)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: agrees with 'rudrāya'

बहुनाम्ने (bahunāmne) - to the one of many names

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of bahunāman

bahunāman - having many names

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+nāman)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine)
• nāman – name
  noun (neuter)

Note: agrees with 'rudrāya'

निबोध (nibodha) - understand, perceive, learn

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of ni-budh

Imperative Active

2nd person singular Imperative Active of root budh with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

मे (me) - from me (to me, for me, from me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: often used with verbs like nibodha in the sense of 'from me' or 'my words'