महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-304, verse-23

संयतात्मा भयात्तेषां न पात्राद्बिन्दुमुत्सृजेत् ।
तथैवोत्तरमाणस्य एकाग्रमनसस्तथा ॥२३॥

23. saṁyatātmā bhayātteṣāṁ na pātrādbindumutsṛjet ,
tathaivottaramāṇasya ekāgramanasastathā.

23. saṃyatātmā bhayāt teṣām na pātrāt bindum utsṛjet
tathaiva uttaramāṇasya ekāgramanasaḥ tathā

23. saṃyatātmā teṣām bhayāt pātrāt bindum na utsṛjet
tathaiva ekāgramanasaḥ uttaramāṇasya tathā

23. That person with a controlled self (ātman), due to fear of those (sword-wielders), should not let a single drop fall from the pot. Similarly, this is how one with a focused mind, while engaged in spiritual ascent, should also remain.

Words meanings summery:

• संयतात्मा (saṁyatātmā) - one with a controlled self (ātman) (one whose self is restrained, one with a controlled mind)

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (sword-wielders mentioned in the previous verse) (of them (masculine/neuter plural))

• न (na) - not, no

• पात्रात् (pātrāt) - from the oil pot (from the vessel, from the pot)

• बिन्दुम् (bindum) - a single drop (of oil) (a drop, a point)

• उत्सृजेत् (utsṛjet) - should let fall (a drop) (should let fall, should abandon, should emit)

• तथैव (tathaiva) - similarly (just so, similarly)

• उत्तरमाणस्य (uttaramāṇasya) - of one who is ascending (spiritually) (of one who is ascending, surpassing, moving upwards)

• एकाग्रमनसः (ekāgramanasaḥ) - of one with a focused mind (of one with a single-pointed mind, focused mind)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner (similarly, so, thus)

Words meanings and morphology

संयतात्मा (saṁyatātmā) - one with a controlled self (ātman) (one whose self is restrained, one with a controlled mind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃyatātman

saṁyatātman - one whose self/mind is restrained

Bahuvrīhi compound: `saṃyata` (restrained) + `ātman` (self/mind). Masculine nominative singular for a noun ending in -an.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃyata+ātman)

• saṃyata – restrained, controlled, checked
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of root `yam` with prefix `sam`
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yam (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, mind
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the 'pūruṣaḥ' from the previous verse, acting as the subject.

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread

Note: Indicates cause/reason.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (sword-wielders mentioned in the previous verse) (of them (masculine/neuter plural))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Indicates whose fear it is.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates `utsṛjet`.

पात्रात् (pātrāt) - from the oil pot (from the vessel, from the pot)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pātra

pātra - vessel, pot, receptacle

Note: Indicates separation from the pot.

बिन्दुम् (bindum) - a single drop (of oil) (a drop, a point)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bindu

bindu - drop, point, dot

Note: Object of `utsṛjet`.

उत्सृजेत् (utsṛjet) - should let fall (a drop) (should let fall, should abandon, should emit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of sṛj

Optative

3rd person singular optative active, parasmaipada, root `sṛj` with prefix `ut`

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Main verb.

तथैव (tathaiva) - similarly (just so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

sandhi of `tathā` (thus) + `eva` (indeed)

Note: Introduces the application of the simile.

उत्तरमाणस्य (uttaramāṇasya) - of one who is ascending (spiritually) (of one who is ascending, surpassing, moving upwards)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of uttaramāṇa

uttaramāṇa - ascending, surpassing, moving upwards

Present Middle Participle

Present Middle Participle of root `tṛ` (to cross) with prefix `ut`, or `ṛ` (to go) with prefix `ut`, meaning to ascend. Likely from `ut-tṛ`.

Prefix: ut

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Used substantively.

एकाग्रमनसः (ekāgramanasaḥ) - of one with a focused mind (of one with a single-pointed mind, focused mind)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ekāgramanas

ekāgramanas - single-pointed mind, focused mind

Bahuvrīhi compound: `ekāgra` (single-pointed) + `manas` (mind). Genitive singular of a noun ending in -as.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ekāgra+manas)

• ekāgra – single-pointed, concentrated
  adjective (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound of `eka` (one) and `agra` (point/tip), meaning 'having one point' or 'concentrated'.
• manas – mind, intellect, understanding
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used substantively, parallel to `uttaramāṇasya`.

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner (similarly, so, thus)

(indeclinable)

Note: Concludes the comparison, linking the example to the person of concentrated mind.