महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-234, verse-3

वेदे वचनमुक्तं तु कुरु कर्म त्यजेति च ।
कथमेतद्विजानीयां तच्च व्याख्यातुमर्हसि ॥३॥

3. vede vacanamuktaṁ tu kuru karma tyajeti ca ,
kathametadvijānīyāṁ tacca vyākhyātumarhasi.

3. vede vacanam uktam tu kuru karma tyaja iti ca
katham etat vijānīyām tat ca vyākhyātum arhasi

3. vede vacanam uktam tu kuru karma tyaja iti ca
etat katham vijānīyām tat ca vyākhyātum arhasi

3. In the Veda, there are statements like 'Perform actions (karma)' and also 'Renounce them'. How can I understand this? Please explain that.

Words meanings summery:

• वेदे (vede) - in the Veda, in the sacred scripture

• वचनम् (vacanam) - statement, word, declaration

• उक्तम् (uktam) - said, stated, spoken

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• कुरु (kuru) - do, perform, make

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work, ritual action (karma)

• त्यज (tyaja) - renounce, abandon, give up

• इति (iti) - thus, so, denoting direct speech

• च (ca) - and, also

• कथम् (katham) - how?, in what manner?

• एतत् (etat) - this

• विजानीयाम् (vijānīyām) - may I understand, how can I know

• तत् (tat) - that

• च (ca) - and, also

• व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain, in order to explain

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

Words meanings and morphology

वेदे (vede) - in the Veda, in the sacred scripture

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of veda

veda - knowledge, sacred knowledge, Veda (scripture)

Root: vid (class 2)

वचनम् (vacanam) - statement, word, declaration

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, saying, word, speech, statement

From root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

उक्तम् (uktam) - said, stated, spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, stated, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

कुरु (kuru) - do, perform, make

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work, ritual action (karma)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate (karma)

From root 'kṛ' (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

त्यज (tyaja) - renounce, abandon, give up

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so, denoting direct speech

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how?, in what manner?

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

विजानीयाम् (vijānīyām) - may I understand, how can I know

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vijñā

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain, in order to explain

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'khyā' with prefixes 'vi' and 'ā'

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)