महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-234, verse-25

यांस्तु गन्धान्रसान्वापि ब्रह्मचारी न सेवते ।
सेवेत तान्समावृत्त इति धर्मेषु निश्चयः ॥२५॥

25. yāṁstu gandhānrasānvāpi brahmacārī na sevate ,
seveta tānsamāvṛtta iti dharmeṣu niścayaḥ.

25. yān tu gandhān rasān vā api brahmacārī na sevate
seveta tān samāvṛttaḥ iti dharmeṣu niścayaḥ

25. tu yān gandhān vā api rasān brahmacārī na sevate,
tān samāvṛttaḥ seveta.
iti dharmeṣu niścayaḥ (ayam).

25. Indeed, those fragrances or tastes that a student (brahmacārī) does not partake of, a householder (samāvṛtta) should partake of them. This is a definitive rule (niścaya) among the codes of conduct (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• यान् (yān) - which, whom

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• गन्धान् (gandhān) - smells, fragrances

• रसान् (rasān) - tastes, juices, enjoyments

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a Vedic student, a celibate student (brahmacārī)

• न (na) - not, no

• सेवते (sevate) - (he) enjoys, indulges, serves

• सेवेत (seveta) - one should enjoy, one should indulge, one should serve

• तान् (tān) - those fragrances or tastes (those)

• समावृत्तः (samāvṛttaḥ) - one who has returned, a graduate, a householder

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying

• धर्मेषु (dharmeṣu) - in the duties, among the laws (dharma)

• निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - certainty, conclusion, firm rule

Words meanings and morphology

यान् (yān) - which, whom

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

गन्धान् (gandhān) - smells, fragrances

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gandha

gandha - smell, odor, fragrance, perfume

Root: gandh (class 1)

रसान् (rasān) - tastes, juices, enjoyments

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rasa

rasa - taste, juice, essence, enjoyment, sentiment

Root: ras (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a Vedic student, a celibate student (brahmacārī)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin

brahmacārin - one who practices celibacy, a Vedic student, a student (brahmacārī)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+cārin)

• brahman – Brahman, sacred knowledge, sacred text, Veda
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – moving, going, practicing, performing (agent noun from √car)
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root car with agent suffix -in.
  Root: car (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सेवते (sevate) - (he) enjoys, indulges, serves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sev

Root: sev (class 1)

सेवेत (seveta) - one should enjoy, one should indulge, one should serve

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of sev

Root: sev (class 1)

तान् (tān) - those fragrances or tastes (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

समावृत्तः (samāvṛttaḥ) - one who has returned, a graduate, a householder

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāvṛtta

samāvṛtta - returned, completed (studies), a graduate (from brahmacarya), a householder

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root vṛt with prefixes sam- and ā- and suffix -ta.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so saying

(indeclinable)

धर्मेषु (dharmeṣu) - in the duties, among the laws (dharma)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, law, constitution, religious or moral code (dharma)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - certainty, conclusion, firm rule

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niścaya

niścaya - certainty, conviction, determination, conclusion

Prefix: nis

Root: ci (class 5)