महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-234, verse-10

शुक उवाच ।
यदिदं वेदवचनं लोकवादे विरुध्यते ।
प्रमाणे चाप्रमाणे च विरुद्धे शास्त्रता कुतः ॥१०॥

10. śuka uvāca ,
yadidaṁ vedavacanaṁ lokavāde virudhyate ,
pramāṇe cāpramāṇe ca viruddhe śāstratā kutaḥ.

10. śukaḥ uvāca yat idam veda-vacanaṃ loka-vāde virudhyate
pramāṇe ca apramāṇe ca viruddhe śāstratā kutaḥ

10. śukaḥ uvāca yat idam veda-vacanaṃ loka-vāde virudhyate
pramāṇe ca apramāṇe ca viruddhe śāstratā kutaḥ

10. Śuka said: "If this Vedic statement, which is contradicted by popular opinion, and which conflicts with both valid means of knowledge (pramāṇa) and invalid ones, then where does its scriptural authority (śāstratā) come from?"

Words meanings summery:

• शुकः (śukaḥ) - Śuka (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वेद-वचनं (veda-vacanaṁ) - Vedic statement, scriptural utterance

• लोक-वादे (loka-vāde) - in popular opinion, in common discourse

• विरुध्यते (virudhyate) - is contradicted, is opposed

• प्रमाणे (pramāṇe) - in valid knowledge, in evidence, in authority

• च (ca) - and

• अप्रमाणे (apramāṇe) - in non-valid knowledge, in non-evidence

• च (ca) - and

• विरुद्धे (viruddhe) - when contradicted, in contradiction

• शास्त्रता (śāstratā) - scriptural authority, scriptural nature (śāstratā)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, how

Words meanings and morphology

शुकः (śukaḥ) - Śuka (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuka

śuka - Śuka, a parrot, the son of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

वेद-वचनं (veda-vacanaṁ) - Vedic statement, scriptural utterance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of veda-vacana

veda-vacana - Vedic utterance, sacred word

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+vacana)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• vacana – speaking, word, statement
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vac (class 2)

लोक-वादे (loka-vāde) - in popular opinion, in common discourse

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka-vāda

loka-vāda - popular opinion, common talk

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+vāda)

• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (masculine)
• vāda – saying, speaking, doctrine, opinion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vad (class 1)

विरुध्यते (virudhyate) - is contradicted, is opposed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of rudh

Prefix: vi

Root: rudh (class 7)

प्रमाणे (pramāṇe) - in valid knowledge, in evidence, in authority

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pramāṇa

pramāṇa - measure, standard, valid knowledge, evidence, authority (pramāṇa)

Prefix: pra

Root: mā (class 3)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अप्रमाणे (apramāṇe) - in non-valid knowledge, in non-evidence

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of apramāṇa

apramāṇa - non-evidence, invalid knowledge

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pramāṇa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• pramāṇa – valid knowledge, evidence
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mā (class 3)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विरुद्धे (viruddhe) - when contradicted, in contradiction

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of viruddha

viruddha - opposed, contradicted, contrary

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'vi' + 'rudh'

Prefix: vi

Root: rudh (class 7)

शास्त्रता (śāstratā) - scriptural authority, scriptural nature (śāstratā)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śāstratā

śāstratā - quality of scripture, scriptural nature, authoritativeness

Derived from śāstra + suffix -tā (feminine abstract noun)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, how

(indeclinable)