महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-222, verse-5

न प्रीयसे वन्द्यमानो निन्द्यमानो न कुप्यसि ।
का ते प्रज्ञा कुतश्चैषा किं चैतस्याः परायणम् ॥५॥

5. na prīyase vandyamāno nindyamāno na kupyasi ,
kā te prajñā kutaścaiṣā kiṁ caitasyāḥ parāyaṇam.

5. na prīyase vandyamānaḥ nindyamānaḥ na kupyasi kā
te prajñā kutaḥ ca eṣā kim ca etasyāḥ parāyaṇam

5. te prajñā kā eṣā ca kutaḥ etasyāḥ ca kim parāyaṇam
vandyamānaḥ na prīyase nindyamānaḥ na kupyasi

5. You are not pleased when praised, nor do you become angry when criticized. What is the nature of your wisdom (prajñā)? From where does it arise, and what is its ultimate foundation?

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रीयसे (prīyase) - you are pleased, you delight

• वन्द्यमानः (vandyamānaḥ) - being praised, being saluted, being revered

• निन्द्यमानः (nindyamānaḥ) - being criticized, being blamed

• न (na) - not, no

• कुप्यसि (kupyasi) - you are angry, you become angry

• का (kā) - what, who, which (feminine singular nominative)

• ते (te) - your (genitive) (to you, your (dative/genitive singular of tvam))

• प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom, discernment, insight, understanding

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, from what source (from where, whence, why)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine singular nominative)

• किम् (kim) - what, which, who

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• एतस्याः (etasyāḥ) - of this (referring to prajñā) (of this, for this (feminine singular genitive/dative))

• परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - ultimate foundation/goal (ultimate goal, supreme refuge, chief aim, final destination)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्रीयसे (prīyase) - you are pleased, you delight

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prī

Root prī, Class 9, Middle voice, Present tense

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Passive sense often with middle forms

वन्द्यमानः (vandyamānaḥ) - being praised, being saluted, being revered

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vandyamāna

vandyamāna - being praised, being saluted, being revered

Present Passive Participle

Root vand + -yamāna (passive participle suffix)

Root: vand (class 1)

Note: Adjectival use

निन्द्यमानः (nindyamānaḥ) - being criticized, being blamed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nindyamāna

nindyamāna - being criticized, being blamed, being censured

Present Passive Participle

Root nind + -yamāna (passive participle suffix)

Root: nind (class 1)

Note: Adjectival use

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कुप्यसि (kupyasi) - you are angry, you become angry

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kup

Root kup, Class 4, Active voice, Present tense

Root: kup (class 4)

का (kā) - what, who, which (feminine singular nominative)

(interrogative pronoun)

ते (te) - your (genitive) (to you, your (dative/genitive singular of tvam))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvam

tvam - you (pronoun)

Note: Can also be dative. Here, functions as genitive 'your'.

प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom, discernment, insight, understanding

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, discernment, insight, understanding

From pra-jñā (to know, discern)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, from what source (from where, whence, why)

(indeclinable)

From ka (what) + ablative suffix tas

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine singular nominative)

(demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to prajñā.

किम् (kim) - what, which, who

(interrogative pronoun)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

एतस्याः (etasyāḥ) - of this (referring to prajñā) (of this, for this (feminine singular genitive/dative))

(demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to prajñā.

परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - ultimate foundation/goal (ultimate goal, supreme refuge, chief aim, final destination)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parāyaṇam

parāyaṇam - ultimate goal, supreme refuge, chief aim, final destination, support

From para (supreme) + ayaṇa (going, course)

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+ayaṇa)

• para – supreme, ultimate, other, distant
  adjective (masculine)
• ayaṇa – going, course, path, movement, refuge
  noun (neuter)
  From root i (to go)
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Functions as the subject of the implied 'what is'.