महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-222, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
किंशीलः किंसमाचारः किंविद्यः किंपरायणः ।
प्राप्नोति ब्रह्मणः स्थानं यत्परं प्रकृतेर्ध्रुवम् ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kiṁśīlaḥ kiṁsamācāraḥ kiṁvidyaḥ kiṁparāyaṇaḥ ,
prāpnoti brahmaṇaḥ sthānaṁ yatparaṁ prakṛterdhruvam.

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca kiṃśīlaḥ kiṃsamācāraḥ kiṃvidyaḥ kiṃparāyaṇaḥ
prāpnoti brahmaṇaḥ sthānam yat param prakṛteḥ dhruvam

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca kiṃśīlaḥ kiṃsamācāraḥ kiṃvidyaḥ kiṃparāyaṇaḥ
brahmaṇaḥ yat param prakṛteḥ dhruvam sthānam prāpnoti

1. Yudhiṣṭhira asked: "One who attains the state of Brahman, which is supreme, eternal, and beyond primordial matter (prakṛti) – what is their character (śīla), what is their conduct, what is their knowledge, and what is their ultimate devotion (parāyaṇa)?"

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava brother) (Yudhiṣṭhira)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• किंशीलः (kiṁśīlaḥ) - of what character (śīla) (what kind of character, having what nature)

• किंसमाचारः (kiṁsamācāraḥ) - of what conduct (what kind of conduct, having what behavior)

• किंविद्यः (kiṁvidyaḥ) - of what knowledge (what kind of knowledge, having what learning)

• किंपरायणः (kiṁparāyaṇaḥ) - of what ultimate goal or devotion (parāyaṇa) (what kind of ultimate goal, having what as ultimate resort)

• प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - attains (attains, reaches, obtains)

• ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of Brahman (of Brahman, of Brahma)

• स्थानम् (sthānam) - the state/abode (place, state, position, abode)

• यत् (yat) - which (which, what, that)

• परम् (param) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent)

• प्रकृतेः (prakṛteḥ) - beyond (than) primordial matter (prakṛti) (of nature, from nature)

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - eternal (fixed, constant, eternal, firm)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava brother) (Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira, steady in battle

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

Irregular perfect form (liṭ lakāraḥ), third person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

किंशीलः (kiṁśīlaḥ) - of what character (śīla) (what kind of character, having what nature)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kiṃśīla

kiṁśīla - what is the character, what sort of disposition

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kim+śīla)

• kim – what, which, interrogative pronoun stem
  pronoun (neuter)
• śīla – character, conduct, nature, habit
  noun (neuter)

किंसमाचारः (kiṁsamācāraḥ) - of what conduct (what kind of conduct, having what behavior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kiṃsamācāra

kiṁsamācāra - what sort of conduct/behavior

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kim+samācāra)

• kim – what, which, interrogative pronoun stem
  pronoun (neuter)
• samācāra – conduct, behavior, practice
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: sam+ā

किंविद्यः (kiṁvidyaḥ) - of what knowledge (what kind of knowledge, having what learning)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kiṃvidya

kiṁvidya - what sort of knowledge/learning

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kim+vidyā)

• kim – what, which, interrogative pronoun stem
  pronoun (neuter)
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
  noun (feminine)

किंपरायणः (kiṁparāyaṇaḥ) - of what ultimate goal or devotion (parāyaṇa) (what kind of ultimate goal, having what as ultimate resort)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kiṃparāyaṇa

kiṁparāyaṇa - what sort of ultimate aim/refuge

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kim+parāyaṇa)

• kim – what, which, interrogative pronoun stem
  pronoun (neuter)
• parāyaṇa – chief or ultimate goal, highest resort, final aim
  noun (neuter)

प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - attains (attains, reaches, obtains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prāp

Present tense

Verbal root āp (class 5) with prefix pra, third person singular, active voice

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of Brahman (of Brahman, of Brahma)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahman (the Absolute Reality), sacred word, prayer, the Vedas

Note: Used here in the sense of the Absolute Brahman.

स्थानम् (sthānam) - the state/abode (place, state, position, abode)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, position, state, abode, standing

Root: sthā (class 1)

यत् (yat) - which (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with 'sthānam' (neuter singular nominative, functioning as predicate).

परम् (param) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other, distant

प्रकृतेः (prakṛteḥ) - beyond (than) primordial matter (prakṛti) (of nature, from nature)

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, primordial matter, origin, original form

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used in the sense of 'from' or 'than' when indicating superiority, hence ablative.

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - eternal (fixed, constant, eternal, firm)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhruva

dhruva - fixed, firm, constant, eternal, unchangeable

Root: dhru (class 1)