महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-222, verse-17

य एवं कुर्वते मर्त्याः सुखं जीवन्ति सर्वदा ।
धर्ममेवानुवर्तन्ते धर्मज्ञा द्विजसत्तम ।
ये ह्यतो विच्युता मार्गात्ते हृष्यन्त्युद्विजन्ति च ॥१७॥

17. ya evaṁ kurvate martyāḥ sukhaṁ jīvanti sarvadā ,
dharmamevānuvartante dharmajñā dvijasattama ,
ye hyato vicyutā mārgātte hṛṣyantyudvijanti ca.

17. yaḥ evam kurvate martyāḥ sukham jīvanti
sarvadā dharmam eva anuvarrtante
dharmajñāḥ dvijasattama ye hi ataḥ
vicyutāḥ mārgāt te hṛṣyanti udvijanti ca

17. dvijasattama ye martyāḥ evam kurvate sarvadā sukham jīvanti.
dharmajñāḥ dharmam eva anuvarrtante.
ye hi ataḥ mārgāt vicyutāḥ te hṛṣyanti udvijanti ca

17. O best among the twice-born (dvija) ones, those mortals who act in this manner always live happily. Knowing the natural law (dharma), they always follow that natural law (dharma). But those who have deviated from this path are alternately delighted and agitated.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• कुर्वते (kurvate) - they do, they perform, they make

• मर्त्याः (martyāḥ) - mortals, human beings

• सुखम् (sukham) - happily, pleasantly, easily

• जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - they live, they exist

• सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always, at all times

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अनुवर्र्तन्ते (anuvarrtante) - they follow, they conform to

• धर्मज्ञाः (dharmajñāḥ) - knowers of natural law (dharma)

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of the twice-born (dvija)

• ये (ye) - who, which

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• अतः (ataḥ) - from this, therefore, hence

• विच्युताः (vicyutāḥ) - deviated, fallen away, deprived

• मार्गात् (mārgāt) - from the path, from the way

• ते (te) - they, those

• हृष्यन्ति (hṛṣyanti) - they rejoice, they are delighted

• उद्विजन्ति (udvijanti) - they are agitated, they are distressed

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

कुर्वते (kurvate) - they do, they perform, they make

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मर्त्याः (martyāḥ) - mortals, human beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of martya

martya - mortal, human being

सुखम् (sukham) - happily, pleasantly, easily

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adverbially as an accusative singular neuter of sukha, meaning 'happily'.

जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - they live, they exist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always, at all times

(indeclinable)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

अनुवर्र्तन्ते (anuvarrtante) - they follow, they conform to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of anu-vṛt

Prefix: anu

Root: vṛt (class 1)

धर्मज्ञाः (dharmajñāḥ) - knowers of natural law (dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmajña

dharmajña - knowing dharma, one who knows dharma

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
• jña – knowing, knower
  adjective
  agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root jñā with suffix -a (kṛt pratyaya)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of the twice-born (dvija)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective
  Superlative suffix -tama

ये (ye) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

अतः (ataḥ) - from this, therefore, hence

(indeclinable)

विच्युताः (vicyutāḥ) - deviated, fallen away, deprived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vicyuta

vicyuta - fallen, deviated, deprived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root cyu with upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: cyu (class 1)

मार्गात् (mārgāt) - from the path, from the way

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, way, road, course

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

हृष्यन्ति (hṛṣyanti) - they rejoice, they are delighted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of hṛṣ

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

उद्विजन्ति (udvijanti) - they are agitated, they are distressed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ud-vij

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)