महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-222, verse-4

जैगीषव्यं महाप्राज्ञं धर्माणामागतागमम् ।
अक्रुध्यन्तमहृष्यन्तमसितो देवलोऽब्रवीत् ॥४॥

4. jaigīṣavyaṁ mahāprājñaṁ dharmāṇāmāgatāgamam ,
akrudhyantamahṛṣyantamasito devalo'bravīt.

4. jaigīṣavyam mahāprājñam dharmāṇām āgatāgamam
akrudhyantam ahṛṣyantam asitaḥ devalaḥ abravīt

4. asitaḥ devalaḥ mahāprājñam dharmāṇām āgatāgamam
akrudhyantam ahṛṣyantam jaigīṣavyam abravīt

4. Asita Devala spoke to Jaigīṣavya, who was exceptionally wise, who had mastered the traditional knowledge (āgama) of the natural laws (dharma), and who was neither angered nor overly joyful.

Words meanings summery:

• जैगीषव्यम् (jaigīṣavyam) - to Jaigīṣavya (Jaigīṣavya)

• महाप्राज्ञम् (mahāprājñam) - exceptionally wise (greatly wise, very discerning)

• धर्माणाम् (dharmāṇām) - of the natural laws (dharma) (of the natural laws, of the duties, of righteousness)

• आगतागमम् (āgatāgamam) - one who has mastered the traditional knowledge (āgama) (one who has acquired the sacred traditions, learned in scripture)

• अक्रुध्यन्तम् (akrudhyantam) - neither angered (not being angry, one who is not angry)

• अहृष्यन्तम् (ahṛṣyantam) - nor overly joyful (not rejoicing, not joyful)

• असितः (asitaḥ) - Asita

• देवलः (devalaḥ) - Devala

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

Words meanings and morphology

जैगीषव्यम् (jaigīṣavyam) - to Jaigīṣavya (Jaigīṣavya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaigīṣavya

jaigīṣavya - Jaigīṣavya (name of an ancient sage)

महाप्राज्ञम् (mahāprājñam) - exceptionally wise (greatly wise, very discerning)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - very wise, very discerning

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• prājña – wise, discerning, intelligent
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from pra-jñā (to know thoroughly)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

धर्माणाम् (dharmāṇām) - of the natural laws (dharma) (of the natural laws, of the duties, of righteousness)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Connects with āgatāgamam.

आगतागमम् (āgatāgamam) - one who has mastered the traditional knowledge (āgama) (one who has acquired the sacred traditions, learned in scripture)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgatāgama

āgatāgama - one to whom the sacred tradition (āgama) has come, learned in sacred lore

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āgata+āgama)

• āgata – come, arrived, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (to go) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)
• āgama – traditional knowledge, sacred text, scripture, coming, arrival
  noun (masculine)
  From root gam (to go) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

अक्रुध्यन्तम् (akrudhyantam) - neither angered (not being angry, one who is not angry)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of akrudhyant

akrudhyant - not being angry

Present Active Participle (negative)

From root krudh (to be angry) with suffix śatṛ and negative prefix a

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+krudhyant)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• krudhyant – being angry
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root krudh (class 4) + śatṛ
  Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Functions as an adjective describing Jaigīṣavya.

अहृष्यन्तम् (ahṛṣyantam) - nor overly joyful (not rejoicing, not joyful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ahṛṣyant

ahṛṣyant - not rejoicing, not happy

Present Active Participle (negative)

From root hṛṣ (to be joyful) with suffix śatṛ and negative prefix a

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hṛṣyant)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• hṛṣyant – being joyful, rejoicing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root hṛṣ (class 4) + śatṛ
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Functions as an adjective describing Jaigīṣavya.

असितः (asitaḥ) - Asita

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asita

asita - Asita (name of a sage, dark, black)

देवलः (devalaḥ) - Devala

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devala

devala - Devala (name of a sage)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense

Verbal root brū (class 2) or vac (class 2), imperfect third person singular, active voice. vac often uses brū forms in imperfect.

Root: brū (class 2)