महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-199, verse-29

सर्वैरयं चेन्द्रियैः संप्रयुक्तो देहः प्राप्तः पञ्चभूताश्रयः स्यात् ।
नासामर्थ्याद्गच्छति कर्मणेह हीनस्तेन परमेणाव्ययेन ॥२९॥

29. sarvairayaṁ cendriyaiḥ saṁprayukto; dehaḥ prāptaḥ pañcabhūtāśrayaḥ syāt ,
nāsāmarthyādgacchati karmaṇeha; hīnastena parameṇāvyayena.

29. sarvaiḥ ayam ca indriyaiḥ samprayuktaḥ
dehaḥ prāptaḥ pañcabhūtāśrayaḥ
syāt | na asāmarthyāt gacchati karmaṇā
iha hīnaḥ tena parameṇa avyayena

29. Ayam dehaḥ ca sarvaiḥ indriyaiḥ samprayuktaḥ (san) pañcabhūtāśrayaḥ prāptaḥ syāt.
Iha karmaṇā asāmarthyāt na gacchati (puruṣaḥ),
(yat) tena parameṇa avyayena hīnaḥ (asti).

29. And this body, endowed with all senses, is indeed founded upon the five elements. Here, one does not progress through action (karma) due to incapacity, but rather, one remains deficient by being separated from that supreme, imperishable (principle).

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all, with all

• अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

• च (ca) - and, also

• इन्द्रियैः (indriyaiḥ) - by senses, by organs of perception/action

• सम्प्रयुक्तः (samprayuktaḥ) - endowed with (joined, united, endowed with, connected)

• देहः (dehaḥ) - body, form, person

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained (in the sense of having come into existence) (obtained, attained, reached, acquired)

• पञ्चभूताश्रयः (pañcabhūtāśrayaḥ) - resting on the five elements, supported by the five elements

• स्यात् (syāt) - is (factual statement) (may be, should be, is, exists (optative))

• न (na) - not, no

• असामर्थ्यात् (asāmarthyāt) - from incapacity, due to inability, through lack of power

• गच्छति (gacchati) - progresses or attains (a higher state) (goes, moves, attains, reaches)

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by means of action (karma) (by action (karma), through action, with action)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• हीनः (hīnaḥ) - deficient by being separated from (deprived of, devoid of, deficient, separated from)

• तेन (tena) - by that, with that

• परमेण (parameṇa) - by the supreme, by the highest, by the excellent

• अव्ययेन (avyayena) - by the imperishable (principle) (by the imperishable, by the immutable, by the unchanging)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all, with all

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: It qualifies 'indriyaiḥ'.

अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to 'dehaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इन्द्रियैः (indriyaiḥ) - by senses, by organs of perception/action

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of indriya

indriya - sense organ, faculty of sense

सम्प्रयुक्तः (samprayuktaḥ) - endowed with (joined, united, endowed with, connected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprayukta

samprayukta - joined, united, endowed with, connected

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √yuj (to join) with prefixes sam- and pra-

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'dehaḥ'.

देहः (dehaḥ) - body, form, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, person

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained (in the sense of having come into existence) (obtained, attained, reached, acquired)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, attained, reached, acquired

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √āp (to obtain) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'dehaḥ'.

पञ्चभूताश्रयः (pañcabhūtāśrayaḥ) - resting on the five elements, supported by the five elements

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcabhūtāśraya

pañcabhūtāśraya - resting on the five elements, supported by the five elements

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pañca+bhūta+āśraya)

• pañca – five
  numeral
• bhūta – element, being, created thing
  noun (neuter)
• āśraya – support, resort, resting-place
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'dehaḥ'.

स्यात् (syāt) - is (factual statement) (may be, should be, is, exists (optative))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative

3rd person singular optative active

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Often used idiomatically to indicate a factual statement or possibility.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

असामर्थ्यात् (asāmarthyāt) - from incapacity, due to inability, through lack of power

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of asāmarthya

asāmarthya - incapacity, inability, impotence

Negative of 'sāmarthya' (ability)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sāmarthya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• sāmarthya – ability, capacity, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Denotes cause or reason.

गच्छति (gacchati) - progresses or attains (a higher state) (goes, moves, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of gam

Present Indicative

3rd person singular present active

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is 'puruṣa' or 'jīva'.

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by means of action (karma) (by action (karma), through action, with action)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action (karma), deed, ritual, work

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

हीनः (hīnaḥ) - deficient by being separated from (deprived of, devoid of, deficient, separated from)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - deprived of, devoid of, deficient, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √hā (to abandon, forsake)

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject of 'gacchati'.

तेन (tena) - by that, with that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'parameṇa avyayena'.

परमेण (parameṇa) - by the supreme, by the highest, by the excellent

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate

Note: Qualifies 'avyayena'.

अव्ययेन (avyayena) - by the imperishable (principle) (by the imperishable, by the immutable, by the unchanging)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of avyaya

avyaya - imperishable, immutable, unchanging, indeclinable

Negative of 'vyaya' (perishable)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vyaya – expenditure, destruction, perishable
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to a divine or ultimate principle.