महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-199, verse-23

गुणैर्यस्त्ववरैर्युक्तः कथं विद्याद्गुणानिमान् ।
अनुमानाद्धि गन्तव्यं गुणैरवयवैः सह ॥२३॥

23. guṇairyastvavarairyuktaḥ kathaṁ vidyādguṇānimān ,
anumānāddhi gantavyaṁ guṇairavayavaiḥ saha.

23. guṇaiḥ yaḥ tu avaraiḥ yuktaḥ katham vidyāt guṇān
imān anumānāt hi gantavyam guṇaiḥ avayavaiḥ saha

23. yaḥ tu avaraiḥ guṇaiḥ yuktaḥ katham imān guṇān
vidyāt hi anumānāt guṇaiḥ avayavaiḥ saha gantavyam

23. Indeed, how can one who is endowed with inferior qualities comprehend these (higher) qualities? These qualities, along with their constituents, should indeed be understood through inference.

Words meanings summery:

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by qualities, with qualities

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• अवरैः (avaraiḥ) - by inferior, by lower

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with, connected with, joined

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• विद्यात् (vidyāt) - he should know, he might know

• गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, attributes

• इमान् (imān) - these

• अनुमानात् (anumānāt) - from inference, by inference

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - to be known, to be understood, to be gone to

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by qualities, with qualities

• अवयवैः (avayavaiḥ) - by parts, by constituents

• सह (saha) - with, along with

Words meanings and morphology

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by qualities, with qualities

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property, excellence, constituent of nature

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

अवरैः (avaraiḥ) - by inferior, by lower

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of avara

avara - inferior, lower, subsequent, posterior

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with, connected with, joined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, endowed with, engaged, proper

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yuj'

Root: yuj (class 7)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

विद्यात् (vidyāt) - he should know, he might know

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, attributes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property, excellence, constituent of nature

इमान् (imān) - these

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

अनुमानात् (anumānāt) - from inference, by inference

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of anumāna

anumāna - inference, conclusion, reasoning

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - to be known, to be understood, to be gone to

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gantavya

gantavya - to be gone, to be reached, to be understood

Gerundive

Derived from root 'gam'

Root: gam (class 1)

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by qualities, with qualities

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property, excellence, constituent of nature

अवयवैः (avayavaiḥ) - by parts, by constituents

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of avayava

avayava - part, constituent, limb, member

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)