महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-199, verse-16

ऋचो यजूंषि सामानि शरीराणि व्यपाश्रिताः ।
जिह्वाग्रेषु प्रवर्तन्ते यत्नसाध्या विनाशिनः ॥१६॥

16. ṛco yajūṁṣi sāmāni śarīrāṇi vyapāśritāḥ ,
jihvāgreṣu pravartante yatnasādhyā vināśinaḥ.

16. ṛcaḥ yajūṃṣi sāmāni śarīrāṇi vyapāśritāḥ
jihvāgreṣu pravartante yatnasādhyāḥ vināśinaḥ

16. ṛcaḥ yajūṃṣi sāmāni śarīrāṇi vyapāśritāḥ
jihvāgreṣu pravartante yatnasādhyāḥ vināśinaḥ

16. The verses (ṛc), sacrificial formulas (yajus), and chants (sāman) — residing in bodies — are uttered at the tips of tongues; they are attained through effort and are perishable.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋचः (ṛcaḥ) - Rig Veda verses, hymns, praises

• यजूंषि (yajūṁṣi) - Yajur Veda mantras, sacrificial formulas

• सामानि (sāmāni) - Sama Veda chants, songs

• शरीराणि (śarīrāṇi) - bodies, physical forms

• व्यपाश्रिताः (vyapāśritāḥ) - existing or taking refuge in bodies (residing in, dependent on, having resorted to)

• जिह्वाग्रेषु (jihvāgreṣu) - at the tips of tongues

• प्रवर्तन्ते (pravartante) - they are pronounced (they proceed, they operate, they are uttered)

• यत्नसाध्याः (yatnasādhyāḥ) - achievable by effort, accomplished through exertion

• विनाशिनः (vināśinaḥ) - perishable, destructible

Words meanings and morphology

ऋचः (ṛcaḥ) - Rig Veda verses, hymns, praises

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ṛc

ṛc - Rig Veda verse, hymn, praise, sacred text

यजूंषि (yajūṁṣi) - Yajur Veda mantras, sacrificial formulas

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of yajus

yajus - sacrificial formula, Yajur Veda mantra, sacred utterance

सामानि (sāmāni) - Sama Veda chants, songs

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sāman

sāman - Sama Veda chant, song, melody, reconciliation

शरीराणि (śarīrāṇi) - bodies, physical forms

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of śarīra

śarīra - body, physical form, organism

व्यपाश्रिताः (vyapāśritāḥ) - existing or taking refuge in bodies (residing in, dependent on, having resorted to)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyapāśrita

vyapāśrita - residing in, dependent on, resorting to, related to, leaning upon

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śri (to resort to, lean on) with prefixes vi-apa-ā-.

Prefixes: vi+apa+ā

Root: śri

Note: Agrees with ṛcaḥ, yajūṃṣi, sāmāni, which can take masculine/feminine endings for their contents.

जिह्वाग्रेषु (jihvāgreṣu) - at the tips of tongues

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of jihvāgra

jihvāgra - tongue-tip, front part of the tongue

Compound type : tatpurusha (jihvā+agra)

• jihvā – tongue
  noun (feminine)
• agra – tip, front, summit, foremost
  noun (neuter)

प्रवर्तन्ते (pravartante) - they are pronounced (they proceed, they operate, they are uttered)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of pravṛt

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

यत्नसाध्याः (yatnasādhyāḥ) - achievable by effort, accomplished through exertion

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yatnasādhya

yatnasādhya - achievable by effort, accomplished through exertion, requiring effort

Compound type : tatpurusha (yatna+sādhya)

• yatna – effort, exertion, endeavor, attempt
  noun (masculine)
• sādhya – to be accomplished, achievable, practicable, curable
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root sādh (to accomplish, effect).
  Root: sādh

विनाशिनः (vināśinaḥ) - perishable, destructible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vināśin

vināśin - perishable, destructible, subject to destruction, transient

Agent noun derived from root naś (to perish) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś