महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-147, verse-21

यथा ते मत्कृते क्षेमं लभेरंस्तत्तथा कुरु ।
प्रतिजानीहि चाद्रोहं ब्राह्मणानां नराधिप ॥२१॥

21. yathā te matkṛte kṣemaṁ labheraṁstattathā kuru ,
pratijānīhi cādrohaṁ brāhmaṇānāṁ narādhipa.

21. yathā te matkṛte kṣemam labheran tat tathā kuru
pratijānīhi ca adroham brāhmaṇānām narādhipa

21. narādhipa yathā te matkṛte kṣemam labheran tat
tathā kuru ca brāhmaṇānām adroham pratijānīhi

21. Ensure that they (the Brahmins) obtain welfare because of me. And promise, O lord of men, that no harm will come to the Brahmins.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - so that, as, just as

• ते (te) - the Brahmins (they)

• मत्कृते (matkṛte) - for my sake, on my account, by me

• क्षेमम् (kṣemam) - welfare, safety, prosperity

• लभेरन् (labheran) - may they obtain, they might obtain

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, accordingly

• कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

• प्रतिजानीहि (pratijānīhi) - promise, undertake, acknowledge

• च (ca) - and

• अद्रोहम् (adroham) - non-harming, non-injury, loyalty

• ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of the Brahmins

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king, O lord of men

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - so that, as, just as

(indeclinable)

Adverb/conjunction.

ते (te) - the Brahmins (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the Brahmins mentioned in the previous verse.

मत्कृते (matkṛte) - for my sake, on my account, by me

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'mat' (from 'mad', instrumental/ablative of 'aham') and 'kṛta' (done). Locative singular used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+kṛta)

• mad – by me, from me
  pronoun
  Ablative/Instrumental form of 'aham'.
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kṛ (8th class, Tanadi group) + suffix 'kta'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The suffix `e` makes it locative, meaning 'in/on account of that which is done by me'.

क्षेमम् (kṣemam) - welfare, safety, prosperity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣema

kṣema - welfare, safety, prosperity, well-being

From root √kṣi (1st class, Bhvadi group) 'to reside, possess'.

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Object of `labheran`.

लभेरन् (labheran) - may they obtain, they might obtain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, optative (liṅ) of labh

Optative/Potential Mood, Third Person Plural, Middle Voice

From root √labh (1st class, Bhvadi group), potential mood.

Root: labh (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that, therefore

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of `kuru`.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, accordingly

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative, Second Person Singular, Active Voice

From root √kṛ (8th class, Tanadi group), imperative form.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रतिजानीहि (pratijānīhi) - promise, undertake, acknowledge

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pratijñā

Imperative, Second Person Singular, Active Voice

From root √jñā (9th class, Kriyadi group) with prefix 'prati'.

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अद्रोहम् (adroham) - non-harming, non-injury, loyalty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adroha

adroha - non-harming, non-injury, loyalty, freedom from malice

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'droha'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+droha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation particle.
• droha – injury, malice, treachery
  noun (masculine)
  From root √druh + suffix 'a'.
  Root: druh (class 4)

Note: Object of `pratijānīhi`.

ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of the Brahmins

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, a member of the priestly class

Derived from 'brahman' with suffix 'aṇ'.

Note: Qualifies `adroham`.

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king, O lord of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, lord of men, ruler

Compound of 'nara' and 'adhipa'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  From 'adhi' + √pā 'to protect'.
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)