महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-147, verse-18

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सोऽहं न केनचिच्चार्थी त्वां च धर्ममुपाह्वये ।
क्रोशतां सर्वभूतानामहो धिगिति कुर्वताम् ॥१८॥

18. so'haṁ na kenaciccārthī tvāṁ ca dharmamupāhvaye ,
krośatāṁ sarvabhūtānāmaho dhigiti kurvatām.

18. saḥ aham na kenacit ca arthī tvām ca dharmam upāhvaye
krośatām sarvabhūtānām aho dhik iti kurvatām

18. saḥ aham kenacit ca na arthī (asmi) tvām ca dharmam ca upāhvaye
krośatām sarvabhūtānām "aho dhik" iti kurvatām (madhye)

18. Therefore, I am not seeking anything from anyone. I invoke you and the natural law (dharma). I do this while all beings are crying out, exclaiming, 'Alas, shame!'

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

सः (saḥ) - Refers back to Śaunaka, meaning 'that very me' or 'I, therefore'. (that (masculine), he)

अहम् (aham) - Refers to Śaunaka, emphasizing his personal statement. (I)

न (na) - Negates the state of being a supplicant. (not, no)

केनचित् (kenacit) - Indicates the lack of a source for his supplication. (by anyone, by anything, from anyone)

च (ca) - Connects the idea of not being a supplicant. (and, also)

अर्थी (arthī) - Śaunaka asserts he is not in a position of need or seeking favors. (desirous, supplicant, one seeking something, petitioner)

त्वाम् (tvām) - The king Janamejaya, whom Śaunaka is addressing and invoking. (you)

च (ca) - Connects 'tvām' and 'dharmam' as objects of invocation. (and, also)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - The abstract principle that Śaunaka also invokes alongside the king. (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

उपाह्वये (upāhvaye) - Śaunaka's action of calling upon the king and dharma. (I call, I invoke, I summon)

क्रोशताम् (krośatām) - Describes the state of 'all beings' as they lament. (of those crying out, lamenting)

सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - The general populace or all living entities, witnessing the events. (of all beings, of all creatures)

अहो (aho) - An interjection expressing sorrow or surprise from the crying beings. (Alas!, Oh!, Ah!)

धिक् (dhik) - An exclamation of blame or disapproval expressed by the beings. (shame!, woe!, fie!)

इति (iti) - Introduces the direct speech 'Aho dhik'. (thus, so, saying)

कुर्वताम् (kurvatām) - Refers to the 'all beings' who are 'making' or 'uttering' the cries 'Aho dhik'. (of those doing, making, causing)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers back to Śaunaka, meaning 'that very me' or 'I, therefore'. (that (masculine), he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

अहम् (aham) - Refers to Śaunaka, emphasizing his personal statement. (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

न (na) - Negates the state of being a supplicant. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of negation.

केनचित् (kenacit) - Indicates the lack of a source for his supplication. (by anyone, by anything, from anyone)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kimcid

kimcid - anyone, anything, by some means

Indefinite pronoun from kim (who/what) + cit (particle)

Note: Used with negation implies 'from no one'.

च (ca) - Connects the idea of not being a supplicant. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a conjunction.

अर्थी (arthī) - Śaunaka asserts he is not in a position of need or seeking favors. (desirous, supplicant, one seeking something, petitioner)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arthin

arthin - one desiring, seeking, supplicant, petitioner

Derived from artha (purpose, object, wealth) + -in suffix

Note: Predicate nominative for 'aham'.

त्वाम् (tvām) - The king Janamejaya, whom Śaunaka is addressing and invoking. (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Note: Object of 'upāhvaye'.

च (ca) - Connects 'tvām' and 'dharmam' as objects of invocation. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a conjunction.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - The abstract principle that Śaunaka also invokes alongside the king. (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

उपाह्वये (upāhvaye) - Śaunaka's action of calling upon the king and dharma. (I call, I invoke, I summon)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (lat) of upāhvā

Present tense, 1st person singular, Atmanepada of √hvā with prefix upa- and ā-

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

Note: Root √hvā (or √hve) with prefixes.

क्रोशताम् (krośatām) - Describes the state of 'all beings' as they lament. (of those crying out, lamenting)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of krośat

krośat - crying, lamenting, wailing, shouting

Present active participle

Present active participle (Parasmaipada) of √kruś

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sarvabhūtānām'.

सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - The general populace or all living entities, witnessing the events. (of all beings, of all creatures)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures

Compound: sarva (all) + bhūta (beings)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)

sarva – all, every
adjective (masculine)
bhūta – being, creature, element, what has been
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of √bhū 'to be'
Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Possessive or descriptive genitive.

अहो (aho) - An interjection expressing sorrow or surprise from the crying beings. (Alas!, Oh!, Ah!)

(indeclinable)

Note: Exclamatory particle.

धिक् (dhik) - An exclamation of blame or disapproval expressed by the beings. (shame!, woe!, fie!)

(indeclinable)

Note: Expresses condemnation.

इति (iti) - Introduces the direct speech 'Aho dhik'. (thus, so, saying)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks quotation or a preceding thought/action.

कुर्वताम् (kurvatām) - Refers to the 'all beings' who are 'making' or 'uttering' the cries 'Aho dhik'. (of those doing, making, causing)

(adjective)