महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-111, verse-3

ये दम्भान्न जपन्ति स्म येषां वृत्तिश्च संवृता ।
विषयांश्च निगृह्णन्ति दुर्गाण्यतितरन्ति ते ॥३॥

3. ye dambhānna japanti sma yeṣāṁ vṛttiśca saṁvṛtā ,
viṣayāṁśca nigṛhṇanti durgāṇyatitaranti te.

3. ye dambhāt na japanti sma yeṣām vṛttiḥ ca saṃvṛtā
viṣayān ca nigṛhṇanti durgāṇi atitaranti te

3. Ye dambhāt na japanti sma,
yeṣām vṛttiḥ ca saṃvṛtā (asti),
ye (ca) viṣayān nigṛhṇanti,
te durgāṇi atitaranti.

3. Those who do not engage in chanting (japa) out of hypocrisy, whose livelihood is well-controlled, and who restrain their sense objects—they overcome difficulties (durga).

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• दम्भात् (dambhāt) - from hypocrisy, due to deceit

• न (na) - not

• जपन्ति (japanti) - they engage in chanting (japa) (they recite, they chant)

• स्म (sma) - particle used to denote past tense or affirmation

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom

• वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) - livelihood, conduct, mode of being

• च (ca) - and, also

• संवृता (saṁvṛtā) - covered, restrained, concealed

• विषयान् (viṣayān) - sense objects, objects of perception, spheres of influence

• च (ca) - and, also

• निगृह्णन्ति (nigṛhṇanti) - they restrain, they control, they seize

• दुर्गाणि (durgāṇi) - difficulties (durga) (difficulties, distresses, strongholds)

• अतितरन्ति (atitaranti) - they overcome, they cross over

• ते (te) - they

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Refers to the agents of the actions described.

दम्भात् (dambhāt) - from hypocrisy, due to deceit

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dambha

dambha - hypocrisy, deceit, ostentation

Note: Indicates the reason or cause.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

जपन्ति (japanti) - they engage in chanting (japa) (they recite, they chant)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of jap

Present tense, active voice, 3rd person plural

Root: jap (class 1)

स्म (sma) - particle used to denote past tense or affirmation

(indeclinable)

Note: Makes 'japanti' function as past tense: 'did not recite'.

येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Refers to the same 'ye' from the beginning of the verse.

वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) - livelihood, conduct, mode of being

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vṛtti

vṛtti - mode of life, conduct, livelihood, activity

Root: vṛt (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

संवृता (saṁvṛtā) - covered, restrained, concealed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, closed, restrained, secret, concealed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of vṛ (to cover, restrain) with sam

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'vṛttiḥ'.

विषयान् (viṣayān) - sense objects, objects of perception, spheres of influence

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of viṣaya

viṣaya - object of sense, sphere, domain, subject

Note: Refers to the objects of the senses like sight, sound, etc.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

निगृह्णन्ति (nigṛhṇanti) - they restrain, they control, they seize

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ni-grah

Present tense, active voice, 3rd person plural

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

दुर्गाणि (durgāṇi) - difficulties (durga) (difficulties, distresses, strongholds)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of durga

durga - difficult to pass, difficult, obstacle, stronghold, fortress

Prefix: dur

Root: gam (class 1)

अतितरन्ति (atitaranti) - they overcome, they cross over

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ati-tṛ

Present tense, active voice, 3rd person plural

Prefix: ati

Root: tṛ (class 1)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Corresponds to 'ye' (those who).