महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-11, verse-25

तस्मात्स्वधर्ममास्थाय सुव्रताः सत्यवादिनः ।
लोकस्य गुरवो भूत्वा ते भवन्त्यनुपस्कृताः ॥२५॥

25. tasmātsvadharmamāsthāya suvratāḥ satyavādinaḥ ,
lokasya guravo bhūtvā te bhavantyanupaskṛtāḥ.

25. tasmāt svadharmam āsthāya suvrātāḥ satyavādinaḥ
lokasya guravaḥ bhūtvā te bhavanti anupaskṛtāḥ

25. tasmāt te svadharmam āsthāya,
suvrātāḥ satyavādinaḥ lokasya guravaḥ bhūtvā,
अनुपस्कृताः bhavanti

25. Therefore, by firmly adhering to their own intrinsic nature (sva-dharma), being virtuous and truthful, and thus becoming revered by the world, they remain unblemished.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

• स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - one's own intrinsic nature (dharma), one's own duty/law

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having taken up, having assumed, having adopted, having stood firm in

• सुव्राताः (suvrātāḥ) - those with good vows, virtuous ones, pious ones

• सत्यवादिनः (satyavādinaḥ) - truth-speakers, truthful ones

• लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world, of people

• गुरवः (guravaḥ) - revered figures, respected by the world (teachers, revered ones, heavy, important)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• ते (te) - they

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

• अनुपस्कृताः (anupaskṛtāḥ) - unblemished, unharmed, faultless, unimpaired

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'tad', used adverbially.

स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - one's own intrinsic nature (dharma), one's own duty/law

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own duty, one's own law, one's own intrinsic nature (dharma)

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'dharma'.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun/adjective
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āsthāya'.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having taken up, having assumed, having adopted, having stood firm in

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From 'ā' (prefix) + root 'sthā' (to stand) + 'lyap' suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Precedes the main verb 'bhavanti'.

सुव्राताः (suvrātāḥ) - those with good vows, virtuous ones, pious ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suvrata

suvrata - having good vows, virtuous, pious, righteous

Bahuvrīhi compound of 'su' (good) and 'vrata' (vow).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+vrata)

• su – good, excellent, well
  indeclinable
  prefix
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice, rule
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'vṛ' (to choose, vow).
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Attribute of 'te'.

सत्यवादिनः (satyavādinaḥ) - truth-speakers, truthful ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of satyavādin

satyavādin - speaking the truth, truthful

Agent noun

Compound 'satya' (truth) + 'vādin' (speaker).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, true
  noun/adjective (neuter)
  From 'sat' (being, existing)
  Root: as (class 2)
• vādin – speaking, saying, speaker
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root 'vad' (to speak) + 'in' (agent suffix).
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Attribute of 'te'.

लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world, of people

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm, space

From root 'lok' (to see).

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Connected with 'guravaḥ'.

गुरवः (guravaḥ) - revered figures, respected by the world (teachers, revered ones, heavy, important)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guru

guru - heavy, weighty, important, venerable, teacher, preceptor

From root 'gṛ' (to praise, invoke) or related to 'gariman' (heaviness).

Root: gṛ (class 9)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'te' via 'bhūtvā' and 'bhavanti'.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From root 'bhū' (to be, become) + 'ktvā' suffix.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Connects 'guravaḥ' to the subject 'te'.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Masculine nominative plural of 'tad'.

Note: Subject of 'bhavanti'.

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Present active indicative

3rd plural present active of root 'bhū'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

अनुपस्कृताः (anupaskṛtāḥ) - unblemished, unharmed, faultless, unimpaired

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anupaskṛta

anupaskṛta - unadorned, not injured, unimpaired, unblemished

Negated Past Passive Participle

Compound 'an' (negative prefix) + 'upaskṛta'. 'upaskṛta' from 'upa' + root 'kṛ' + 'kta' suffix.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+upaskṛta)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• upaskṛta – prepared, adorned, injured, damaged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'upa' (prefix) + root 'kṛ' (to do, make, injure) + 'kta' suffix.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'te' via 'bhavanti'.