महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-11, verse-12

मन्त्रोऽयं जातकर्मादि ब्राह्मणस्य विधीयते ।
जीवतो यो यथाकालं श्मशाननिधनादिति ॥१२॥

12. mantro'yaṁ jātakarmādi brāhmaṇasya vidhīyate ,
jīvato yo yathākālaṁ śmaśānanidhanāditi.

12. mantraḥ ayam jātakarmādi brāhmaṇasya vidhīyate
jīvataḥ yaḥ yathākālam śmaśānanidhanāt iti

12. ayam mantraḥ jātakarmādi brāhmaṇasya jīvataḥ
yaḥ yathākālam śmaśānanidhanāt iti vidhīyate

12. This sacred utterance (mantra), beginning with the birth ceremony (jātakarma), is prescribed for a brahmin during his lifetime, to be performed at the appropriate time until the final rites performed in the cremation ground.

Words meanings summery:

• मन्त्रः (mantraḥ) - sacred utterance, hymn, prayer, counsel

• अयम् (ayam) - Refers to the sacred utterance (mantra) previously mentioned or implicitly understood. (this)

• जातकर्मादि (jātakarmādi) - Referring to the series of sacred rites (saṃskāra) starting from the birth ceremony. (beginning with the birth ceremony (jātakarma), etc.)

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a brahmin, for a brahmin

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed, is ordained, is performed

• जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - Emphasizing that the prescription is for a brahmin during his active life. (of one who is living, while living)

• यः (yaḥ) - Refers back to 'brāhmaṇasya' (implicitly 'brāhmaṇaḥ'). (who, which)

• यथाकालम् (yathākālam) - Indicating the time-bound nature of ritual performances. (at the proper time, as occasion requires)

• श्मशाननिधनात् (śmaśānanidhanāt) - Refers to the last of the saṃskāras, funerary rites, indicating the full span of life. (from the final rites in the cremation ground, ending in the cremation ground)

• इति (iti) - Marks the end of the span of time (from birth to death rites). (thus, so, in this manner, indicating the end of a quotation or an idea)

Words meanings and morphology

मन्त्रः (mantraḥ) - sacred utterance, hymn, prayer, counsel

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mantra

mantra - sacred utterance, hymn, prayer, charm, spell, secret counsel, deliberation

Root: man (class 4)

अयम् (ayam) - Refers to the sacred utterance (mantra) previously mentioned or implicitly understood. (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

जातकर्मादि (jātakarmādi) - Referring to the series of sacred rites (saṃskāra) starting from the birth ceremony. (beginning with the birth ceremony (jātakarma), etc.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jātakarmādi

jātakarmādi - beginning with the birth ceremony; and so forth, etc.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jātakarma+ādi)

• jātakarma – birth ceremony, rite of birth
  noun (neuter)
• ādi – beginning, commencement; first; and so on, etcetera
  noun (masculine)

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a brahmin, for a brahmin

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, member of the priestly class; relating to brahman; sacred text (Brāhmaṇa)

Derived from 'brahman'

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed, is ordained, is performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vidhā

passive voice, present tense

Root 'dhā' with prefix 'vi', passive voice, third person singular, present indicative.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - Emphasizing that the prescription is for a brahmin during his active life. (of one who is living, while living)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive; a living being

present active participle

Derived from root 'jīv' (to live), present active participle.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Adjectival use, modifying 'brāhmaṇasya'.

यः (yaḥ) - Refers back to 'brāhmaṇasya' (implicitly 'brāhmaṇaḥ'). (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

यथाकालम् (yathākālam) - Indicating the time-bound nature of ritual performances. (at the proper time, as occasion requires)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+kāla)

• yathā – as, just as, in what manner
  indeclinable
• kāla – time, season, proper time
  noun (masculine)

श्मशाननिधनात् (śmaśānanidhanāt) - Refers to the last of the saṃskāras, funerary rites, indicating the full span of life. (from the final rites in the cremation ground, ending in the cremation ground)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śmaśānanidhana

śmaśānanidhana - ending in the cremation ground; death in the cremation ground

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śmaśāna+nidhana)

• śmaśāna – cremation ground, cemetery
  noun (neuter)
• nidhana – death, destruction, end, burial
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'dhā' with prefix 'ni'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: dhā (class 3)

इति (iti) - Marks the end of the span of time (from birth to death rites). (thus, so, in this manner, indicating the end of a quotation or an idea)

(indeclinable)