महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-11, verse-1

अर्जुन उवाच ।
अत्रैवोदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
तापसैः सह संवादं शक्रस्य भरतर्षभ ॥१॥

1. arjuna uvāca ,
atraivodāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
tāpasaiḥ saha saṁvādaṁ śakrasya bharatarṣabha.

1. arjunaḥ uvāca atra eva udāharanti imam itihāsam
purātanam tāpasaiḥ saha saṃvādam śakrasya bharatarṣabha

1. arjunaḥ uvāca bharatarṣabha atra eva imam purātanam
itihāsam śakrasya tāpasaiḥ saha saṃvādam udāharanti

1. Arjuna said: 'O best of Bharatas, in this regard, they recount this ancient narrative (itihāsa), a conversation between Shakra and ascetics.'

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, in this regard

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite, they relate, they mention

• इमम् (imam) - this

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - historical account, legend, narrative

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old, primordial

• तापसैः (tāpasaiḥ) - by ascetics, by hermits

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• संवादम् (saṁvādam) - dialogue, conversation

• शक्रस्य (śakrasya) - of Shakra (Indra)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - An epithet for Arjuna, indicating his noble lineage and prowess. (O best of Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a proper noun, name of the Pandava prince)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense (Lit), 3rd Person Singular

derived from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, in this regard

(indeclinable)

locative of idam (this), used adverbially

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite, they relate, they mention

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of udāhṛ

Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural

derived from root hṛ (to bear) with upasargas ud and ā

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - historical account, legend, narrative

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, legend, tradition, epic narrative, historical work

literally 'thus, indeed, it was'

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old, primordial

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, belonging to former times

derived from purā (formerly) with the tana pratyaya

तापसैः (tāpasaiḥ) - by ascetics, by hermits

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit, practising austerity (tapas)

derived from tapas (austerity)

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

संवादम् (saṁvādam) - dialogue, conversation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvāda

saṁvāda - conversation, dialogue, discourse, agreement

derived from root vad (to speak) with upasarga sam

Prefix: sam

Root: vad (class 1)

शक्रस्य (śakrasya) - of Shakra (Indra)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Shakra, a name of Indra, powerful, mighty

Root: śak (class 5)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - An epithet for Arjuna, indicating his noble lineage and prowess. (O best of Bharatas)

(compound)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent, chief
  noun (masculine)