महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-14, verse-15

रुधिरं न व्यतिक्रामद्दन्तोष्ठं मेऽम्ब मा शुचः ।
वैवस्वतस्तु तद्वेद हस्तौ मे रुधिरोक्षितौ ॥१५॥

15. rudhiraṁ na vyatikrāmaddantoṣṭhaṁ me'mba mā śucaḥ ,
vaivasvatastu tadveda hastau me rudhirokṣitau.

15. rudhiram na vyatikrāmat dantoṣṭham me amba mā śucaḥ
vaivasvataḥ tu tat veda hastau me rudhirokṣitau

15. amba mā śucaḥ rudhiram me dantoṣṭham na vyatikrāmat
tu vaivasvataḥ tat veda me hastau rudhirokṣitau

15. O Mother, do not grieve! The blood did not pass beyond my teeth and lips. Only Vaivasvata (Yama) knows that truth. But my hands are indeed covered with blood.

Words meanings summery:

• रुधिरम् (rudhiram) - blood

• न (na) - not, no

• व्यतिक्रामत् (vyatikrāmat) - did not pass beyond

• दन्तोष्ठम् (dantoṣṭham) - teeth and lips

• मे (me) - my (teeth and lips) (my, to me, for me)

• अम्ब (amba) - O Mother (Kuntī) (O mother)

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

• शुचः (śucaḥ) - you grieve

• वैवस्वतः (vaivasvataḥ) - Yama (the god of death, son of Vivasvat) (son of Vivasvat (Yama))

• तु (tu) - but, yet, however

• तत् (tat) - that truth (that, it)

• वेद (veda) - knows

• हस्तौ (hastau) - two hands

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• रुधिरोक्षितौ (rudhirokṣitau) - sprinkled with blood

Words meanings and morphology

रुधिरम् (rudhiram) - blood

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rudhira

rudhira - blood, red

Note: Subject of 'na vyatikrāmat'

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

व्यतिक्रामत् (vyatikrāmat) - did not pass beyond

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyatikram

Imperfect Tense (Laṅ-lakāra)

Third person singular, active voice (from root kram with upasargas vi and ati)

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: This form can also be a present participle (vyatikrāmant). But context strongly points to imperfect verb.

दन्तोष्ठम् (dantoṣṭham) - teeth and lips

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dantoṣṭha

dantoṣṭha - teeth and lips

Compound type : dvandva (danta+oṣṭha)

• danta – tooth
  noun (masculine)
• oṣṭha – lip
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the verb vyatikrāmat

मे (me) - my (teeth and lips) (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Can also be dative.

अम्ब (amba) - O Mother (Kuntī) (O mother)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of ambā

ambā - mother

मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

Prohibitive particle used with aorist or subjunctive

शुचः (śucaḥ) - you grieve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of śuc

Aorist Tense (Luṅ-lakāra)

Second person singular, active voice. Used with mā for prohibitive.

Root: śuc (class 1)

वैवस्वतः (vaivasvataḥ) - Yama (the god of death, son of Vivasvat) (son of Vivasvat (Yama))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaivasvata

vaivasvata - descendant of Vivasvat, Yama (the god of death)

Derived from Vivasvat (Sun god)

तु (tu) - but, yet, however

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that truth (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Object of 'veda'

वेद (veda) - knows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (perfect in form) (liṭ) of vid

Perfect Tense (Liṭ-lakāra) or Present Tense (Laṭ-lakāra, 'veda' class)

Third person singular, active voice. Root 'vid' (to know) belongs to a special class with 'veda' forms.

Root: vid (class 2)

हस्तौ (hastau) - two hands

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of hasta

hasta - hand

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Can also be dative.

रुधिरोक्षितौ (rudhirokṣitau) - sprinkled with blood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rudhirokṣita

rudhirokṣita - sprinkled/moistened with blood

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rudhira+ukṣita)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
• ukṣita – sprinkled, moistened
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ukṣ (to sprinkle, moisten)
  Root: ukṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with hastau