महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-14, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तच्छ्रुत्वा वचनं तस्या भीमसेनोऽथ भीतवत् ।
गान्धारीं प्रत्युवाचेदं वचः सानुनयं तदा ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tacchrutvā vacanaṁ tasyā bhīmaseno'tha bhītavat ,
gāndhārīṁ pratyuvācedaṁ vacaḥ sānunayaṁ tadā.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tat śrutvā vacanam tasyāḥ bhīmasenaḥ atha
bhītavat gāndhārīm prati uvāca idam vacaḥ sānanuyam tadā

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tadā tasyāḥ वचनम् श्रुत्वा अथ
भीतवत् भीमसेनः सानुनयम् इदम् वचः गान्धारीम् प्रति उवाच

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Then, having heard her words, Bhīmasena, as if frightened, humbly replied to Gāndhārī with these words.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• तत् (tat) - that

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, saying

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her, her

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (proper noun)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• भीतवत् (bhītavat) - like one afraid, as if frightened

• गान्धारीम् (gāndhārīm) - Gāndhārī (proper noun)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to, in reply to

• उवाच (uvāca) - replied (he said, spoke)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

• साननुयम् (sānanuyam) - with entreaty, humbly, courteously

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root √śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, statement

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of her, her

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, she

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava brother)

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

भीतवत् (bhītavat) - like one afraid, as if frightened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhītavat

bhītavat - like one who is afraid, fearful

formed with the suffix -vat from a past passive participle

'bhīta' (Past Passive Participle of √bhī 'to fear') + -vat (like, as if)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: agreeing with Bhīmasenaḥ

गान्धारीम् (gāndhārīm) - Gāndhārī (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gāndhārī

gāndhārī - Gāndhārī (name of the wife of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

प्रति (prati) - towards, to, in reply to

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - replied (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, that, he, she, it

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

साननुयम् (sānanuyam) - with entreaty, humbly, courteously

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sānunaya

sānunaya - with humility, courteously, respectfully

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or avyayībhāva (often used adverbially) (sa+anunaya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• anunaya – conciliation, politeness, courtesy, entreaty
  noun (masculine)

Note: agreeing with 'vacaḥ', functioning adverbially

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)