महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-18, verse-20

ततो विधनुषं देवा देवश्रेष्ठमुपागमन् ।
शरणं सह यज्ञेन प्रसादं चाकरोत्प्रभुः ॥२०॥

20. tato vidhanuṣaṁ devā devaśreṣṭhamupāgaman ,
śaraṇaṁ saha yajñena prasādaṁ cākarotprabhuḥ.

20. tataḥ vidhanuṣam devāḥ devaśreṣṭham upāgaman
śaraṇam saha yajñena prasādam ca akarot prabhuḥ

20. tataḥ devāḥ vidhanuṣam devaśreṣṭham śaraṇam
upāgaman ca prabhuḥ saha yajñena prasādam akarot

20. Then the gods approached the best of gods, who was without a bow, seeking refuge. And the Lord, along with the Vedic ritual (yajña), bestowed his grace.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• विधनुषम् (vidhanuṣam) - without a bow, disarmed

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, divine beings

• देवश्रेष्ठम् (devaśreṣṭham) - to the best of gods, to the foremost among gods

• उपागमन् (upāgaman) - approached, went to

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• यज्ञेन (yajñena) - by means of the Vedic ritual, with the Vedic ritual

• प्रसादम् (prasādam) - grace, favor, blessing

• च (ca) - and

• अकरोत् (akarot) - made, did, bestowed

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the Lord, the master

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' (that) with the suffix -tas, indicating source or time.

विधनुषम् (vidhanuṣam) - without a bow, disarmed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidhanuṣ

vidhanuṣ - without a bow, disarmed

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'vi' (without) + 'dhanus' (bow). Denotes someone who has lost or given up their bow.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+dhanus)

• vi – without, apart, away
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix indicating separation or absence.
• dhanus – bow, weapon
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhan (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'devaśreṣṭham'.

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, divine beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

From root 'div' (to shine).

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'upāgaman'.

देवश्रेष्ठम् (devaśreṣṭham) - to the best of gods, to the foremost among gods

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devaśreṣṭha

devaśreṣṭha - best of gods, foremost among gods

Tatpuruṣa compound, 'deva' (god) + 'śreṣṭha' (best/foremost).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+śreṣṭha)

• deva – god, deity, divine being
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'div' (to shine).
  Root: div (class 4)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, foremost
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).
  Root: praśas (class 2)

Note: Object of 'upāgaman'.

उपागमन् (upāgaman) - approached, went to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect, 3rd person plural, active voice

Formed with prefix 'upā' (upa + ā) + root 'gam'.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'devāḥ'.

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter, protection

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection

From root 'śṛ' (to crush, injure), meaning "that which destroys enemies" or "that which protects" (secondary meaning).

Root: śṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate accusative, indicating purpose or state: "as refuge".

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Preposition governing the instrumental case.

यज्ञेन (yajñena) - by means of the Vedic ritual, with the Vedic ritual

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, worship

From root 'yaj' (to worship, sacrifice).

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Governed by 'saha', or instrumental of means for 'akarot'.

प्रसादम् (prasādam) - grace, favor, blessing

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prasāda

prasāda - grace, favor, blessing, serenity

From prefix 'pra' + root 'sad' (to sit, settle, bestow). 'Pra' implies thoroughness or forward movement.

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'akarot'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects the two clauses or actions.

अकरोत् (akarot) - made, did, bestowed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, active voice

Formed from root 'kṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Verb for 'prabhuḥ'.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the Lord, the master

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - master, lord, sovereign

From prefix 'pra' + root 'bhū' (to be, become, exist).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'akarot'.