महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-91, verse-19

गङ्गोवाच ।
एवमेतत्करिष्यामि पुत्रस्तस्य विधीयताम् ।
नास्य मोघः संगमः स्यात्पुत्रहेतोर्मया सह ॥१९॥

19. gaṅgovāca ,
evametatkariṣyāmi putrastasya vidhīyatām ,
nāsya moghaḥ saṁgamaḥ syātputrahetormayā saha.

19. gaṅgā uvāca evam etat kariṣyāmi putraḥ tasya vidhīyatām
na asya moghaḥ saṃgamaḥ syāt putrahetoḥ mayā saha

19. Gaṅgā said: 'I will indeed do this. Let a son be granted to him, for his union with me should not be fruitless concerning a son.'

Words meanings summery:

• गङ्गा (gaṅgā) - Gaṅgā (the river goddess)

• उवाच (uvāca) - she said, she spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• एतत् (etat) - this (plan of casting sons into water) (this)

• करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do, I will make, I will perform

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - a son, child

• तस्य (tasya) - to him (King Śaṃtanu) (his, of him)

• विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let a son be granted (to him) (let it be ordained, let it be granted, let it be assigned)

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्य (asya) - his (King Śaṃtanu's) (his, of him, of this)

• मोघः (moghaḥ) - fruitless, in vain, useless

• संगमः (saṁgamaḥ) - union, meeting, association

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be, should be

• पुत्रहेतोः (putrahetoḥ) - for the sake of a son, on account of a son

• मया (mayā) - by me, with me

• सह (saha) - with, together with

Words meanings and morphology

गङ्गा (gaṅgā) - Gaṅgā (the river goddess)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - the river Gaṅgā, the goddess Gaṅgā

उवाच (uvāca) - she said, she spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense form of the root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (plan of casting sons into water) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do, I will make, I will perform

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, simple future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

Simple future tense form (lṛṭ)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - a son, child

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

तस्य (tasya) - to him (King Śaṃtanu) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here with a dative sense 'to him'

विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let a son be granted (to him) (let it be ordained, let it be granted, let it be assigned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of vidhā

Imperative mood (loṭ), passive voice form of root dhā with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his (King Śaṃtanu's) (his, of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

मोघः (moghaḥ) - fruitless, in vain, useless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mogha

mogha - fruitless, vain, useless, unprofitable

संगमः (saṁgamaḥ) - union, meeting, association

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃgama

saṁgama - union, meeting, junction, association; sexual intercourse

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative mood form (liṅ)

Root: as (class 2)

पुत्रहेतोः (putrahetoḥ) - for the sake of a son, on account of a son

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of putrahetu

putrahetu - cause or reason for a son; for a son's sake

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+hetu)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to indicate reason or purpose

मया (mayā) - by me, with me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the instrumental case