महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-91, verse-11

तामूचुर्वसवो देवाः शप्ताः स्मो वै महानदि ।
अल्पेऽपराधे संरम्भाद्वसिष्ठेन महात्मना ॥११॥

11. tāmūcurvasavo devāḥ śaptāḥ smo vai mahānadi ,
alpe'parādhe saṁrambhādvasiṣṭhena mahātmanā.

11. tām ūcuḥ vasavaḥ devāḥ śaptāḥ smaḥ vai mahānadi
alpe aparādhe saṃrambhāt vasiṣṭhena mahātmanā

11. The Vasu gods said to her, "O great river, we have indeed been cursed by the great-souled Vasishtha out of fury for a minor offense."

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - to her (the river Ganga) (to her, that)

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they (the Vasus) said (they said, they spoke)

• वसवः (vasavaḥ) - the Vasu gods (the Vasus (a class of deities))

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods (specifically the Vasus) (gods, divine beings)

• शप्ताः (śaptāḥ) - we (the Vasus) are cursed (cursed, reviled)

• स्मः (smaḥ) - we are (used with śaptāḥ to form 'we are cursed') (we are)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, verily)

• महानदि (mahānadi) - O great river (addressing Ganga) (O great river)

• अल्पे (alpe) - for a minor (offense) (small, little, minor)

• अपराधे (aparādhe) - for an offense (offense, fault, transgression)

• संरम्भात् (saṁrambhāt) - out of fury (from fury, from anger, from passion)

• वसिष्ठेन (vasiṣṭhena) - by the sage Vasishtha (by Vasishtha (a revered sage))

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (Vasishtha) (by the great-souled, by the noble)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - to her (the river Ganga) (to her, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Feminine singular accusative of 'tad'.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they (the Vasus) said (they said, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person plural of √vac. Root takes a strong stem in some perfect forms, hence ūc-.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: From √vac 'to speak'. Perfect 3rd plural.

वसवः (vasavaḥ) - the Vasu gods (the Vasus (a class of deities))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vasu

vasu - a deity of a particular class; wealth, goodness, excellent

Note: Masculine plural nominative.

देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods (specifically the Vasus) (gods, divine beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, divine, celestial

Note: Masculine plural nominative.

शप्ताः (śaptāḥ) - we (the Vasus) are cursed (cursed, reviled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śapta

śapta - cursed, sworn, reviled

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √śap (to curse).

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: Masculine plural nominative, functioning as predicate adjective.

स्मः (smaḥ) - we are (used with śaptāḥ to form 'we are cursed') (we are)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (lat) of as

Present Active

Present 1st person plural of √as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: 1st person plural present active of √as 'to be'.

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

महानदि (mahānadi) - O great river (addressing Ganga) (O great river)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of mahānadī

mahānadī - great river

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+nadī)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)

Note: Feminine singular vocative of mahānadī.

अल्पे (alpe) - for a minor (offense) (small, little, minor)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of alpa

alpa - small, little, few, minor

Note: Neuter singular locative, agreeing with 'aparādhe'.

अपराधे (aparādhe) - for an offense (offense, fault, transgression)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of aparādha

aparādha - offense, fault, transgression

Prefix: apa

Root: rādh (class 5)

Note: Masculine singular locative.

संरम्भात् (saṁrambhāt) - out of fury (from fury, from anger, from passion)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃrambha

saṁrambha - fury, anger, vehemence, passion

From sam-rambh (to be violent, to be angry).

Prefix: sam

Root: rambh (class 1)

Note: Masculine singular ablative.

वसिष्ठेन (vasiṣṭhena) - by the sage Vasishtha (by Vasishtha (a revered sage))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasishtha (name of a famous sage); most excellent, best

Note: Masculine singular instrumental.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (Vasishtha) (by the great-souled, by the noble)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Masculine singular instrumental, agreeing with 'vasiṣṭhena'.