महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-44, verse-16

ततः स ववृधे गर्भो महातेजा रविप्रभः ।
यथा सोमो द्विजश्रेष्ठ शुक्लपक्षोदितो दिवि ॥१६॥

16. tataḥ sa vavṛdhe garbho mahātejā raviprabhaḥ ,
yathā somo dvijaśreṣṭha śuklapakṣodito divi.

16. tataḥ sa vavṛdhe garbhaḥ mahā-tejāḥ ravi-prabhaḥ
yathā somaḥ dvija-śreṣṭha śukla-pakṣa-uditaḥ divi

16. Then, O best of brahmins, that greatly radiant embryo, shining like the sun, grew, just as the moon appears in the bright fortnight in the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• स (sa) - that (embryo) (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

• ववृधे (vavṛdhe) - grew (grew, increased (3rd person singular perfect middle))

• गर्भः (garbhaḥ) - embryo (embryo, fetus, womb (masculine nominative singular))

• महा-तेजाः (mahā-tejāḥ) - greatly radiant (greatly radiant, glorious (masculine nominative singular))

• रवि-प्रभः (ravi-prabhaḥ) - shining like the sun (shining like the sun (masculine nominative singular))

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like)

• सोमः (somaḥ) - the moon (moon, Soma (masculine nominative singular))

• द्विज-श्रेष्ठ (dvija-śreṣṭha) - O best of brahmins (an address to the listener/narrator) (O best of twice-born, O best of brahmins (masculine vocative singular))

• शुक्ल-पक्ष-उदितः (śukla-pakṣa-uditaḥ) - appearing in the bright fortnight (risen in the bright fortnight (masculine nominative singular))

• दिवि (divi) - in the sky (in the sky, in heaven (locative singular))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

स (sa) - that (embryo) (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to garbhaḥ.

ववृधे (vavṛdhe) - grew (grew, increased (3rd person singular perfect middle))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: This verb form is Ātmanepada.

गर्भः (garbhaḥ) - embryo (embryo, fetus, womb (masculine nominative singular))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of garbha

garbha - womb, embryo, fetus, interior

Note: Subject of vavṛdhe.

महा-तेजाः (mahā-tejāḥ) - greatly radiant (greatly radiant, glorious (masculine nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - greatly radiant, glorious, mighty-spirited

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, glory
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying garbhaḥ.

रवि-प्रभः (ravi-prabhaḥ) - shining like the sun (shining like the sun (masculine nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raviprabha

raviprabha - shining like the sun, sun-like in splendor

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa or śaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (ravi+prabhā)

• ravi – sun
  noun (masculine)
• prabhā – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adjective modifying garbhaḥ.

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

सोमः (somaḥ) - the moon (moon, Soma (masculine nominative singular))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of soma

soma - moon, Soma (a divine drink or deity)

Note: Subject of the comparison.

द्विज-श्रेष्ठ (dvija-śreṣṭha) - O best of brahmins (an address to the listener/narrator) (O best of twice-born, O best of brahmins (masculine vocative singular))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijaśreṣṭha

dvijaśreṣṭha - best of the twice-born (Brahmins), chief of birds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+śreṣṭha)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)

Note: An address by the narrator.

शुक्ल-पक्ष-उदितः (śukla-pakṣa-uditaḥ) - appearing in the bright fortnight (risen in the bright fortnight (masculine nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuklapakṣodita

śuklapakṣodita - risen/appeared in the bright fortnight

past passive participle

Compound: śukla (bright) + pakṣa (fortnight) + udita (risen)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śuklapakṣa+udita)

• śukla – bright, white, clear
  adjective (masculine)
• pakṣa – fortnight, side, wing
  noun (masculine)
• udita – risen, appeared
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Derived from root i (to go) with prefix ud and suffix -kta
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Adjective modifying somaḥ.

दिवि (divi) - in the sky (in the sky, in heaven (locative singular))

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of div

div - sky, heaven, day

Note: Locative of place.