महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-44, verse-16

ततः स ववृधे गर्भो महातेजा रविप्रभः ।
यथा सोमो द्विजश्रेष्ठ शुक्लपक्षोदितो दिवि ॥१६॥

16. tataḥ sa vavṛdhe garbho mahātejā raviprabhaḥ ,
yathā somo dvijaśreṣṭha śuklapakṣodito divi.

16. tataḥ sa vavṛdhe garbhaḥ mahā-tejāḥ ravi-prabhaḥ
yathā somaḥ dvija-śreṣṭha śukla-pakṣa-uditaḥ divi

16. Then, O best of brahmins, that greatly radiant embryo, shining like the sun, grew, just as the moon appears in the bright fortnight in the sky.

16. הו בְּרַהְמִין מעולה, אז גדל העובר, מלא עוצמה וזוהר כשמש, כמו הירח העולה בשמים במחצית המאירה של החודש.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• स (sa) - that (embryo) (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

• ववृधे (vavṛdhe) - grew (grew, increased (3rd person singular perfect middle))

• गर्भः (garbhaḥ) - embryo (embryo, fetus, womb (masculine nominative singular))

• महा-तेजाः (mahā-tejāḥ) - greatly radiant (greatly radiant, glorious (masculine nominative singular))

• रवि-प्रभः (ravi-prabhaḥ) - shining like the sun (shining like the sun (masculine nominative singular))

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like)

• सोमः (somaḥ) - the moon (moon, Soma (masculine nominative singular))

• द्विज-श्रेष्ठ (dvija-śreṣṭha) - O best of brahmins (an address to the listener/narrator) (O best of twice-born, O best of brahmins (masculine vocative singular))

• शुक्ल-पक्ष-उदितः (śukla-pakṣa-uditaḥ) - appearing in the bright fortnight (risen in the bright fortnight (masculine nominative singular))

• दिवि (divi) - in the sky (in the sky, in heaven (locative singular))

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

स (sa) - that (embryo) (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to garbhaḥ.

ववृधे (vavṛdhe) - grew (grew, increased (3rd person singular perfect middle))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: This verb form is Ātmanepada.

गर्भः (garbhaḥ) - embryo (embryo, fetus, womb (masculine nominative singular))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of garbha

garbha - womb, embryo, fetus, interior

Note: Subject of vavṛdhe.

महा-तेजाः (mahā-tejāḥ) - greatly radiant (greatly radiant, glorious (masculine nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - greatly radiant, glorious, mighty-spirited

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, glory
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying garbhaḥ.

रवि-प्रभः (ravi-prabhaḥ) - shining like the sun (shining like the sun (masculine nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raviprabha

raviprabha - shining like the sun, sun-like in splendor

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa or śaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (ravi+prabhā)

• ravi – sun
  noun (masculine)
• prabhā – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adjective modifying garbhaḥ.

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

सोमः (somaḥ) - the moon (moon, Soma (masculine nominative singular))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of soma

soma - moon, Soma (a divine drink or deity)

Note: Subject of the comparison.

द्विज-श्रेष्ठ (dvija-śreṣṭha) - O best of brahmins (an address to the listener/narrator) (O best of twice-born, O best of brahmins (masculine vocative singular))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijaśreṣṭha

dvijaśreṣṭha - best of the twice-born (Brahmins), chief of birds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+śreṣṭha)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)

Note: An address by the narrator.

शुक्ल-पक्ष-उदितः (śukla-pakṣa-uditaḥ) - appearing in the bright fortnight (risen in the bright fortnight (masculine nominative singular))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuklapakṣodita

śuklapakṣodita - risen/appeared in the bright fortnight

past passive participle

Compound: śukla (bright) + pakṣa (fortnight) + udita (risen)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śuklapakṣa+udita)

• śukla – bright, white, clear
  adjective (masculine)
• pakṣa – fortnight, side, wing
  noun (masculine)
• udita – risen, appeared
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Derived from root i (to go) with prefix ud and suffix -kta
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Adjective modifying somaḥ.

दिवि (divi) - in the sky (in the sky, in heaven (locative singular))

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of div

div - sky, heaven, day

Note: Locative of place.

Previous Verse Next Verse