महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-44, verse-1

सूत उवाच ।
गतमात्रं तु भर्तारं जरत्कारुरवेदयत् ।
भ्रातुस्त्वरितमागम्य यथातथ्यं तपोधन ॥१॥

1. sūta uvāca ,
gatamātraṁ tu bhartāraṁ jaratkāruravedayat ,
bhrātustvaritamāgamya yathātathyaṁ tapodhana.

1. sūtaḥ uvāca | gatamātram tu bhartāram jaratkāruḥ avedayat
| bhrātuḥ tvaritam āgamya yathātathyam tapodhana

1. Sūta said: O ascetic, as soon as her husband had departed, Jaratkāru quickly approached her brother and informed him of the actual situation.

1. סוּטַה אמר, הו עשיר בעוצמה רוחנית, ברגע שבעלה הלך, מיהרה ג׳ַרַטְקָארוּ אל אחיה וסיפרה לו הכול כפי שאירע.

Words meanings summery:

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (name of the narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• गतमात्रम् (gatamātram) - her husband, who had just departed (having just gone, immediately after departing)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, supporter

• जरत्कारुः (jaratkāruḥ) - Jaratkāru (the wife) (Jaratkāru (proper name))

• अवेदयत् (avedayat) - she informed, she made known

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - to her brother (of the brother, to the brother)

• त्वरितम् (tvaritam) - quickly, swiftly

• आगम्य (āgamya) - having approached, having come

• यथातथ्यम् (yathātathyam) - the actual situation, what had truly happened (as it actually was, truly, the truth)

• तपसोधन (tapasodhana) - addressed to Sūta, the narrator (O ascetic, O one whose wealth is penance)

Words meanings and morphology

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (name of the narrator)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, narrator (name of a class of storytellers)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

गतमात्रम् (gatamātram) - her husband, who had just departed (having just gone, immediately after departing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gatamātra

gatamātra - just gone, only gone, as soon as gone

Compound type : karmadhāraya (gata+mātra)

• gata – gone, departed, past
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  kṛt suffix (kta) from root gam
  Root: gam (class 1)
• mātra – only, mere, just; a measure, quantity
  indeclinable (neuter)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, supporter

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - supporter, husband, master, lord

agent noun

suffix -tṛ from root bhṛ

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

जरत्कारुः (jaratkāruḥ) - Jaratkāru (the wife) (Jaratkāru (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jaratkāru

jaratkāru - Jaratkāru (name of a sage and a nāga princess)

अवेदयत् (avedayat) - she informed, she made known

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vid

causative

root vid (to know), causative form vedayati

Root: vid (class 6)

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - to her brother (of the brother, to the brother)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Genitive case often used for dative or locative of recipient.

त्वरितम् (tvaritam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

past passive participle

kṛt suffix (kta) from root tvar

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage of neuter accusative singular.

आगम्य (āgamya) - having approached, having come

(indeclinable)

gerund

lyap suffix with prefix ā from root gam

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

यथातथ्यम् (yathātathyam) - the actual situation, what had truly happened (as it actually was, truly, the truth)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+tathya)

• yathā – as, in which way, like
  indeclinable
• tathya – true, real, actual; truth, reality
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially here.

तपसोधन (tapasodhana) - addressed to Sūta, the narrator (O ascetic, O one whose wealth is penance)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tapasodhana

tapasodhana - one whose wealth is penance, ascetic

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)

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