महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-44, verse-1

सूत उवाच ।
गतमात्रं तु भर्तारं जरत्कारुरवेदयत् ।
भ्रातुस्त्वरितमागम्य यथातथ्यं तपोधन ॥१॥

1. sūta uvāca ,
gatamātraṁ tu bhartāraṁ jaratkāruravedayat ,
bhrātustvaritamāgamya yathātathyaṁ tapodhana.

1. sūtaḥ uvāca | gatamātram tu bhartāram jaratkāruḥ avedayat
| bhrātuḥ tvaritam āgamya yathātathyam tapodhana

1. Sūta said: O ascetic, as soon as her husband had departed, Jaratkāru quickly approached her brother and informed him of the actual situation.

Words meanings summery:

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (name of the narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• गतमात्रम् (gatamātram) - her husband, who had just departed (having just gone, immediately after departing)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, supporter

• जरत्कारुः (jaratkāruḥ) - Jaratkāru (the wife) (Jaratkāru (proper name))

• अवेदयत् (avedayat) - she informed, she made known

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - to her brother (of the brother, to the brother)

• त्वरितम् (tvaritam) - quickly, swiftly

• आगम्य (āgamya) - having approached, having come

• यथातथ्यम् (yathātathyam) - the actual situation, what had truly happened (as it actually was, truly, the truth)

• तपसोधन (tapasodhana) - addressed to Sūta, the narrator (O ascetic, O one whose wealth is penance)

Words meanings and morphology

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (name of the narrator)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, narrator (name of a class of storytellers)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

गतमात्रम् (gatamātram) - her husband, who had just departed (having just gone, immediately after departing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gatamātra

gatamātra - just gone, only gone, as soon as gone

Compound type : karmadhāraya (gata+mātra)

• gata – gone, departed, past
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  kṛt suffix (kta) from root gam
  Root: gam (class 1)
• mātra – only, mere, just; a measure, quantity
  indeclinable (neuter)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, supporter

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - supporter, husband, master, lord

agent noun

suffix -tṛ from root bhṛ

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

जरत्कारुः (jaratkāruḥ) - Jaratkāru (the wife) (Jaratkāru (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jaratkāru

jaratkāru - Jaratkāru (name of a sage and a nāga princess)

अवेदयत् (avedayat) - she informed, she made known

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vid

causative

root vid (to know), causative form vedayati

Root: vid (class 6)

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - to her brother (of the brother, to the brother)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Genitive case often used for dative or locative of recipient.

त्वरितम् (tvaritam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

past passive participle

kṛt suffix (kta) from root tvar

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage of neuter accusative singular.

आगम्य (āgamya) - having approached, having come

(indeclinable)

gerund

lyap suffix with prefix ā from root gam

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

यथातथ्यम् (yathātathyam) - the actual situation, what had truly happened (as it actually was, truly, the truth)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+tathya)

• yathā – as, in which way, like
  indeclinable
• tathya – true, real, actual; truth, reality
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially here.

तपसोधन (tapasodhana) - addressed to Sūta, the narrator (O ascetic, O one whose wealth is penance)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tapasodhana

tapasodhana - one whose wealth is penance, ascetic

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)