महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-163, verse-18

तं च पार्थिवशार्दूलमानयामास तत्पुरम् ।
तपत्या सहितं राजन्नुषितं द्वादशीः समाः ॥१८॥

18. taṁ ca pārthivaśārdūlamānayāmāsa tatpuram ,
tapatyā sahitaṁ rājannuṣitaṁ dvādaśīḥ samāḥ.

18. tam ca pārthivaśārdūlam ānayāmāsa tat puram
tapatyā sahitam rājan uṣitam dvādaśīḥ samāḥ

18. And, O king, he brought that tiger among kings, who had resided with Tapati for twelve years, back to that city.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine accusative singular)

• च (ca) - and, also

• पार्थिवशार्दूलम् (pārthivaśārdūlam) - the tiger among kings, the excellent king

• आनयामास (ānayāmāsa) - he brought, he caused to be brought

• तत् (tat) - that

• पुरम् (puram) - city, town

• तपत्या (tapatyā) - by Tapati, with Tapati

• सहितम् (sahitam) - accompanied by, together with

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• उषितम् (uṣitam) - resided, dwelt

• द्वादशीः (dvādaśīḥ) - twelve

• समाः (samāḥ) - years

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पार्थिवशार्दूलम् (pārthivaśārdūlam) - the tiger among kings, the excellent king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārthivaśārdūla

pārthivaśārdūla - tiger among kings, best of kings (metaphorical)

Tatpuruṣa compound: pārthiva (king) + śārdūla (tiger). Used metaphorically for an excellent individual.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārthiva+śārdūla)

• pārthiva – king, sovereign (literally 'belonging to the earth')
  noun (masculine)
  From pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ suffix.
• śārdūla – tiger (often used to indicate excellence or superiority)
  noun (masculine)

आनयामास (ānayāmāsa) - he brought, he caused to be brought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of nī

Root verb, 1st class, Parasmaipada, Perfect tense (causative/intensive form). Compound with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुरम् (puram) - city, town

(noun)

neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

तपत्या (tapatyā) - by Tapati, with Tapati

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tapatī

tapatī - Tapati (proper name of a princess)

सहितम् (sahitam) - accompanied by, together with

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied, together with, conjoined

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sah' (to endure, to be with) + kt suffix.

Root: sah (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

उषितम् (uṣitam) - resided, dwelt

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uṣita

uṣita - dwelt, resided, stayed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vas' (to dwell, to live) + kt suffix, with irregular stem change to uṣ-.

Root: vas (class 1)

द्वादशीः (dvādaśīḥ) - twelve

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of dvādaśī

dvādaśī - twelve

Note: Feminine form of the numeral dvādaśa, agreeing with 'samāḥ'.

समाः (samāḥ) - years

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of samā

samā - year

Note: Used in accusative for duration of time.