महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-150, verse-6

कथं परसुतस्यार्थे स्वसुतं त्यक्तुमिच्छसि ।
लोकवृत्तिविरुद्धं वै पुत्रत्यागात्कृतं त्वया ॥६॥

6. kathaṁ parasutasyārthe svasutaṁ tyaktumicchasi ,
lokavṛttiviruddhaṁ vai putratyāgātkṛtaṁ tvayā.

6. katham parasutasya arthe svasutam tyaktum icchasi
| lokavṛttiviruddham vai putratyāgāt kṛtam tvayā

6. How can you wish to abandon your own son for the sake of another's son? Indeed, by abandoning your son, you would be doing something contrary to public custom (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• परसुतस्य (parasutasya) - of another's son

• अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of, for the purpose of

• स्वसुतम् (svasutam) - your own son

• त्यक्तुम् (tyaktum) - to abandon, to forsake

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish, you desire

• लोकवृत्तिविरुद्धम् (lokavṛttiviruddham) - contrary to public custom, against the way of the world

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• पुत्रत्यागात् (putratyāgāt) - from the abandonment of a son, by abandoning a son

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

परसुतस्य (parasutasya) - of another's son

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of parasuta

parasuta - another's son, son of an enemy

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+suta)

• para – other, another, foreign
  adjective
• suta – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from √sū (to give birth)
  Root: sū (class 2)

अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of, for the purpose of

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, for the sake of

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for the sake of'.

स्वसुतम् (svasutam) - your own son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svasuta

svasuta - one's own son

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+suta)

• sva – own, one's own
  adjective
• suta – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from √sū (to give birth)
  Root: sū (class 2)

त्यक्तुम् (tyaktum) - to abandon, to forsake

(indeclinable)

infinitive

infinitive from √tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish, you desire

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

present indicative

2nd person singular present active indicative of √iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

लोकवृत्तिविरुद्धम् (lokavṛttiviruddham) - contrary to public custom, against the way of the world

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lokavṛttiviruddha

lokavṛttiviruddha - contrary to public custom, against the way of the world

Compound type : tatpurusha (loka+vṛtti+viruddha)

• loka – world, people
  noun (masculine)
• vṛtti – conduct, custom, way of life
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• viruddha – opposed, contrary
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi-√rudh
  Prefix: vi
  Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'kṛtam'.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

पुत्रत्यागात् (putratyāgāt) - from the abandonment of a son, by abandoning a son

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of putratyāga

putratyāga - abandonment of a son

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+tyāga)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• tyāga – abandonment, forsaking
  noun (masculine)
  from √tyaj
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Expresses cause or means.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Here used as a noun, 'something done'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)