भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-13, verse-25
अन्ये त्वेवमजानन्तः श्रुत्वान्येभ्य उपासते ।
तेऽपि चातितरन्त्येव मृत्युं श्रुतिपरायणाः ॥२५॥
तेऽपि चातितरन्त्येव मृत्युं श्रुतिपरायणाः ॥२५॥
25. anye tvevamajānantaḥ śrutvānyebhya upāsate ,
te'pi cātitarantyeva mṛtyuṁ śrutiparāyaṇāḥ.
te'pi cātitarantyeva mṛtyuṁ śrutiparāyaṇāḥ.
25.
anye tu evam ajānantaḥ śrutvā anyebhyaḥ upāsate
te api ca atitaranti eva mṛtyum śrutiparāyaṇāḥ
te api ca atitaranti eva mṛtyum śrutiparāyaṇāḥ
25.
tu anye evam ajānantaḥ anyebhyaḥ śrutvā upāsate
te api ca śrutiparāyaṇāḥ mṛtyum eva atitaranti
te api ca śrutiparāyaṇāḥ mṛtyum eva atitaranti
25.
However, others, not knowing this (truth) themselves, worship (the Supreme) by hearing from others. And even they, being diligently devoted to hearing (the teachings), certainly cross beyond death.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अन्ये (anye) - others
- तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand
- एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so
- अजानन्तः (ajānantaḥ) - not knowing, ignorant
- श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard
- अन्येभ्यः (anyebhyaḥ) - from others, to others
- उपासते (upāsate) - they worship, they attend, they serve, they practice
- ते (te) - they, those
- अपि (api) - also, even, too
- च (ca) - and, also
- अतितरन्ति (atitaranti) - they cross over, they overcome
- एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only
- मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death
- श्रुतिपरायणाः (śrutiparāyaṇāḥ) - devoted to hearing, intent on sacred texts
Words meanings and morphology
अन्ये (anye) - others
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another
तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so
(indeclinable)
अजानन्तः (ajānantaḥ) - not knowing, ignorant
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of ajānat
ajānat - not knowing, ignorant
Present Active Participle (negative)
negative particle 'a' + Present Active Participle from jñā (to know)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jānat)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - jānat – knowing, understanding
adjective (masculine)
Present Active Participle
from jñā (to know)
Root: jñā (class 9)
श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard
(indeclinable)
Absolutive/Gerund
from śru (to hear)
Root: śru (class 5)
अन्येभ्यः (anyebhyaḥ) - from others, to others
(pronoun)
masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another
Note: Here ablative 'from others' fits the context of hearing from them
उपासते (upāsate) - they worship, they attend, they serve, they practice
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of upā-ās
Prefix: upa
Root: ās (class 2)
ते (te) - they, those
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
अपि (api) - also, even, too
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अतितरन्ति (atitaranti) - they cross over, they overcome
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ati-tṛ
Prefix: ati
Root: tṛ (class 1)
एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only
(indeclinable)
मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu
mṛtyu - death, Yama (god of death)
Root: mṛ (class 6)
श्रुतिपरायणाः (śrutiparāyaṇāḥ) - devoted to hearing, intent on sacred texts
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śrutiparāyaṇa
śrutiparāyaṇa - devoted to hearing, having sacred texts as the highest goal
Compound type : bahuvrihi (śruti+parāyaṇa)
- śruti – hearing, sacred tradition, revelation, Veda
noun (feminine)
Root: śru (class 5) - parāyaṇa – chief aim, highest goal, final resort, devoted to
noun (neuter)