भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-13, verse-20
कार्यकारणकर्तृत्वे हेतुः प्रकृतिरुच्यते ।
पुरुषः सुखदुःखानां भोक्तृत्वे हेतुरुच्यते ॥२०॥
पुरुषः सुखदुःखानां भोक्तृत्वे हेतुरुच्यते ॥२०॥
20. kāryakāraṇakartṛtve hetuḥ prakṛtirucyate ,
puruṣaḥ sukhaduḥkhānāṁ bhoktṛtve heturucyate.
puruṣaḥ sukhaduḥkhānāṁ bhoktṛtve heturucyate.
20.
kāryakāraṇakartṛtve hetuḥ prakṛtiḥ ucyate |
puruṣaḥ sukhaduḥkhānām bhoktṛtve hetuḥ ucyate
puruṣaḥ sukhaduḥkhānām bhoktṛtve hetuḥ ucyate
20.
kāryakāraṇakartṛtve prakṛtiḥ hetuḥ ucyate
puruṣaḥ sukhaduḥkhānām bhoktṛtve hetuḥ ucyate
puruṣaḥ sukhaduḥkhānām bhoktṛtve hetuḥ ucyate
20.
Primordial nature (prakṛti) is declared to be the cause regarding the agency for all effects and instruments of action. The supreme cosmic person (puruṣa) is declared to be the cause regarding the experience of happiness and sorrow.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कार्यकारणकर्तृत्वे (kāryakāraṇakartṛtve) - in the doership of cause and effect, regarding the agency for effects and instruments
- हेतुः (hetuḥ) - cause, reason, motive, agent
- प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - primordial nature (prakṛti), the material cause of the world (nature, primordial matter)
- उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is declared, is spoken
- पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa), the spiritual principle (man, person, spirit, the Supreme Being)
- सुखदुःखानाम् (sukhaduḥkhānām) - of happiness and sorrow
- भोक्तृत्वे (bhoktṛtve) - in the state of being an enjoyer, regarding the experience
Words meanings and morphology
कार्यकारणकर्तृत्वे (kāryakāraṇakartṛtve) - in the doership of cause and effect, regarding the agency for effects and instruments
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of kāryakāraṇakartṛtva
kāryakāraṇakartṛtva - the state of being the agent of cause and effect, agency for effects and instruments
Compound (dvandva + tatpuruṣa/ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa)
Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (kārya+kāraṇa+kartṛtva)
- kārya – effect, product, that which is to be done
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
From root kṛ (to do) + suffix -ya
Root: kṛ (class 8) - kāraṇa – cause, instrument, means
noun (neuter)
From root kṛ (to do) + -ana suffix
Root: kṛ (class 8) - kartṛtva – doership, agency, the state of being an agent
noun (neuter)
From kartṛ (doer) + -tva suffix
हेतुः (hetuḥ) - cause, reason, motive, agent
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of hetu
hetu - cause, reason, motive, instrument
From root hi (to send, propel)
Root: hi (class 5)
प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - primordial nature (prakṛti), the material cause of the world (nature, primordial matter)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of prakṛti
prakṛti - nature, origin, source, primordial matter
From pra- + root kṛ (to make, to do)
Prefix: pra
Root: kṛ (class 8)
उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is declared, is spoken
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac
Present Passive form of root vac (which changes to uc)
Root: vac (class 2)
पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa), the spiritual principle (man, person, spirit, the Supreme Being)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, human being, person, spirit, the cosmic person
सुखदुःखानाम् (sukhaduḥkhānām) - of happiness and sorrow
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of sukhaduḥkha
sukhaduḥkha - happiness and sorrow, pleasure and pain
Dvandva compound
Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)
- sukha – happiness, pleasure, joy
noun (neuter) - duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
noun (neuter)
भोक्तृत्वे (bhoktṛtve) - in the state of being an enjoyer, regarding the experience
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of bhoktṛtva
bhoktṛtva - enjoyership, the state of being an enjoyer or experiencer
From bhoktṛ (enjoyer) + -tva suffix