भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-13, verse-21
पुरुषः प्रकृतिस्थो हि भुङ्क्ते प्रकृतिजान्गुणान् ।
कारणं गुणसङ्गोऽस्य सदसद्योनिजन्मसु ॥२१॥
कारणं गुणसङ्गोऽस्य सदसद्योनिजन्मसु ॥२१॥
21. puruṣaḥ prakṛtistho hi bhuṅkte prakṛtijānguṇān ,
kāraṇaṁ guṇasaṅgo'sya sadasadyonijanmasu.
kāraṇaṁ guṇasaṅgo'sya sadasadyonijanmasu.
21.
puruṣaḥ prakṛtisthaḥ hi bhuṅkte prakṛtijān guṇān
| kāraṇam guṇasaṅgaḥ asya sadasadyonijanmasu
| kāraṇam guṇasaṅgaḥ asya sadasadyonijanmasu
21.
puruṣaḥ prakṛtisthaḥ hi prakṛtijān guṇān bhuṅkte
asya guṇasaṅgaḥ sadasadyonijanmasu kāraṇam
asya guṇasaṅgaḥ sadasadyonijanmasu kāraṇam
21.
Indeed, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa), situated in primordial nature (prakṛti), experiences the qualities (guṇa) born of nature. His attachment to these qualities (guṇa) is the reason for his births in good and bad species/wombs.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa), the spiritual principle (man, person, spirit, the Supreme Being)
- प्रकृतिस्थः (prakṛtisthaḥ) - residing within primordial nature (prakṛti) (abiding in nature, located in nature)
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because
- भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - experiences, enjoys, suffers
- प्रकृतिजान् (prakṛtijān) - originating from primordial nature (prakṛti) (born of nature, originating from nature)
- गुणान् (guṇān) - the qualities (guṇa) of material nature (sattva, rajas, tamas) (qualities, attributes, strands (of nature))
- कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, instrument
- गुणसङ्गः (guṇasaṅgaḥ) - attachment to the qualities, entanglement with the guṇas
- अस्य (asya) - his, of this, its
- सदसद्योनिजन्मसु (sadasadyonijanmasu) - in births in good and bad wombs/species
Words meanings and morphology
पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa), the spiritual principle (man, person, spirit, the Supreme Being)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, human being, person, spirit, the cosmic person
प्रकृतिस्थः (prakṛtisthaḥ) - residing within primordial nature (prakṛti) (abiding in nature, located in nature)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prakṛtistha
prakṛtistha - abiding in prakṛti, located in nature
Compound
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prakṛti+stha)
- prakṛti – nature, origin, primordial matter
noun (feminine)
From pra- + root kṛ (to make, to do)
Prefix: pra
Root: kṛ (class 8) - stha – standing, situated, abiding
adjective (masculine)
From root sthā (to stand)
Root: sthā (class 1)
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because
(indeclinable)
भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - experiences, enjoys, suffers
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj
Present Middle form of root bhuj
Root: bhuj (class 7)
प्रकृतिजान् (prakṛtijān) - originating from primordial nature (prakṛti) (born of nature, originating from nature)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of prakṛtija
prakṛtija - born of nature, produced from nature
Compound
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prakṛti+ja)
- prakṛti – nature, origin, primordial matter
noun (feminine)
From pra- + root kṛ (to make, to do)
Prefix: pra
Root: kṛ (class 8) - ja – born, produced from
adjective (masculine)
From root jan (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)
गुणान् (guṇān) - the qualities (guṇa) of material nature (sattva, rajas, tamas) (qualities, attributes, strands (of nature))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa
guṇa - quality, attribute, virtue, strand (of prakṛti)
कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, instrument
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa
kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument, means
From root kṛ (to do) + -ana suffix
Root: kṛ (class 8)
गुणसङ्गः (guṇasaṅgaḥ) - attachment to the qualities, entanglement with the guṇas
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇasaṅga
guṇasaṅga - attachment to the qualities, entanglement with the guṇas
Compound
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guṇa+saṅga)
- guṇa – quality, attribute, strand (of prakṛti)
noun (masculine) - saṅga – attachment, union, contact
noun (masculine)
From sam- + root saj (to cling, to adhere)
Prefix: sam
Root: saj (class 1)
अस्य (asya) - his, of this, its
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, this one
Masculine singular genitive form of idam
सदसद्योनिजन्मसु (sadasadyonijanmasu) - in births in good and bad wombs/species
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of sadasadyonijanman
sadasadyonijanman - births in good and bad wombs/species
Complex compound
Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (sat+asat+yoni+janman)
- sat – good, real, existing
adjective (masculine)
Present Active Participle
From root as (to be)
Root: as (class 2) - asat – bad, unreal, non-existent
adjective (masculine)
Present Active Participle
Negation of sat, from a- + as (to be)
Root: as (class 2) - yoni – womb, origin, source, species
noun (feminine) - janman – birth, rebirth, origin, existence
noun (neuter)
From root jan (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)