योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-216, verse-18

सुतीक्ष्ण उवाच ।
नष्टमज्ञानतत्कार्यं प्राप्तं ज्ञानमनुत्तमम् ।
साक्षिणि स्फुरिताभासे ध्रुवे दीप इव क्रियाः ॥ १८ ॥

sutīkṣṇa uvāca ,
naṣṭamajñānatatkāryaṃ prāptaṃ jñānamanuttamam ,
sākṣiṇi sphuritābhāse dhruve dīpa iva kriyāḥ 18

18. Sutīkṣṇaḥ uvāca naṣṭam ajñānatatkāryaṃ prāptam jñānam
anuttamam sākṣiṇi sphuritābhāse dhruve dīpaḥ iva kriyāḥ

18. Sutīkṣṇaḥ uvāca.
ajñānatatkāryaṃ naṣṭam,
anuttamam jñānam prāptam.
kriyāḥ sākṣiṇi sphuritābhāse dhruve dīpaḥ iva.

18. Sutīkṣṇa said: Ignorance and all its effects have been destroyed, and supreme knowledge has been attained. This state is like activities (kriyāḥ) appearing in a lamp, which is a constant and luminous witness.

Words meanings summery:

• सुतीक्ष्णः (sutīkṣṇaḥ) - The sage Sutīkṣṇa (Sutīkṣṇa (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Said (Said, spoke)

• नष्टम् (naṣṭam) - Has been destroyed (Destroyed, lost, perished)

• अज्ञानतत्कार्यं (ajñānatatkāryaṁ) - Ignorance and all its effects (Ignorance and its effects)

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - Has been attained (Attained, received, acquired)

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - Knowledge (Knowledge, wisdom)

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - Supreme (Supreme, unsurpassed, best)

• साक्षिणि (sākṣiṇi) - In the witness (referring to Brahman/Ātman) (In the witness)

• स्फुरिताभासे (sphuritābhāse) - In the one whose luster shines forth, luminous (In the shining appearance, in the luminous manifestation)

• ध्रुवे (dhruve) - In the constant (one) (In the steady, firm, constant)

• दीपः (dīpaḥ) - A lamp (Lamp, light)

• इव (iva) - Like (Like, as, as it were)

• क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) - Activities (Actions, activities, rites, deeds)

Words meanings and morphology

सुतीक्ष्णः (sutīkṣṇaḥ) - The sage Sutīkṣṇa (Sutīkṣṇa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Sutīkṣṇa

Sutīkṣṇa - Name of a sage (lit. 'very sharp')

उवाच (uvāca) - Said (Said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root vac (to speak), perfect tense (lit) form.

Root: vac (class 2)

नष्टम् (naṣṭam) - Has been destroyed (Destroyed, lost, perished)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of naṣṭa

naṣṭa - Lost, destroyed, perished, vanished

Past Passive Participle

From root naś (to perish, to be lost).

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'ajñānatatkāryaṃ'.

अज्ञानतत्कार्यं (ajñānatatkāryaṁ) - Ignorance and all its effects (Ignorance and its effects)

(compound noun)

Compound type : dvandva (ajñāna+tatkārya)

• ajñāna – Ignorance, nescience
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix 'a-' (not) + 'jñāna' (knowledge).
  Prefix: a
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• tatkārya – Its effect, the effect thereof
  compound noun (neuter)
  Compound of 'tad' (that/its) and 'kārya' (effect).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: This is a nominative singular, representing both ignorance and its effects as a single concept or as a collective singular.

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - Has been attained (Attained, received, acquired)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - Attained, obtained, reached, received

Past Passive Participle

From pra-āp (to obtain, to reach).

Prefixes: pra+āp

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'jñānam'.

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - Knowledge (Knowledge, wisdom)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - Knowledge, wisdom, understanding

From root jñā (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of 'prāptam'.

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - Supreme (Supreme, unsurpassed, best)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - Unsurpassed, supreme, excellent, best

Compound of 'an-' (not) and 'uttama' (highest/best).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+uttama)

• an – Not
  prefix
  Negative prefix.
• uttama – Highest, best, supreme
  adjective (neuter)
  Superlative of ut (up).

Note: Modifies 'jñānam'.

साक्षिणि (sākṣiṇi) - In the witness (referring to Brahman/Ātman) (In the witness)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sākṣin

sākṣin - Witness, spectator

Derived from sa-akṣan (with eyes).

स्फुरिताभासे (sphuritābhāse) - In the one whose luster shines forth, luminous (In the shining appearance, in the luminous manifestation)

(compound adjective)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sphurita+ābhāsa)

• sphurita – Shone, gleamed, vibrated, manifested
  past passive participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sphur (to throb, to flash, to manifest).
  Root: sphur (class 6)
• ābhāsa – Luster, appearance, manifestation, reflection
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-bhās (to shine forth).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: bhās (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sākṣiṇi'.

ध्रुवे (dhruve) - In the constant (one) (In the steady, firm, constant)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of dhruva

dhruva - Fixed, firm, constant, permanent, certain

From root dhru (to be firm).

Root: dhru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sākṣiṇi'.

दीपः (dīpaḥ) - A lamp (Lamp, light)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīpa

dīpa - Lamp, light, source of light

From root dīp (to shine).

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: The object of comparison.

इव (iva) - Like (Like, as, as it were)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for comparison.

क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) - Activities (Actions, activities, rites, deeds)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kriyā

kriyā - Action, deed, activity, rite, performance

From root kṛ (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The subject of the simile.

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