योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-208, verse-21

यथा तु द्रष्टृदृश्यत्वात्कल्पना कल्पनापुरम् ।
स्वयं जगदिवाभाति जातमित्युच्यते तथा ॥ २१ ॥

yathā tu draṣṭṛdṛśyatvātkalpanā kalpanāpuram ,
svayaṃ jagadivābhāti jātamityucyate tathā 21

21. yathā tu draṣṭṛdṛśyatvāt kalpanā kalpanāpuram
svayam jagat iva ābhāti jātam iti ucyate tathā

21. yathā tu draṣṭṛdṛśyatvāt kalpanā kalpanāpuram svayam jagat iva ābhāti,
tathā jātam iti ucyate

21. Just as, owing to the distinction between the seer and the seen, the imagination (kalpanā) — a mere city of mental constructs — spontaneously appears like the world, so too it is said to have "arisen".

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what way

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• द्रष्टृदृश्यत्वात् (draṣṭṛdṛśyatvāt) - due to the state of being perceiver and perceived

• कल्पना (kalpanā) - Refers to the mind's illusory creation. (imagination, mental construction, fabrication)

• कल्पनापुरम् (kalpanāpuram) - a city of imagination, a realm of mental constructs

• स्वयम् (svayam) - by itself, spontaneously, personally

• जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, what moves

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• आभाति (ābhāti) - appears, shines forth

• जातम् (jātam) - "it has arisen" (born, arisen, produced)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quote or statement

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called

• तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what way

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

द्रष्टृदृश्यत्वात् (draṣṭṛdṛśyatvāt) - due to the state of being perceiver and perceived

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of draṣṭṛdṛśyatva

draṣṭṛdṛśyatva - the state of being a perceiver and the perceived

Compound noun ending in -tva (abstract suffix)

Compound type : dvandva (draṣṭṛ+dṛśya+tva)

• draṣṭṛ – seer, observer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root 'dṛś' (to see) + -tṛc suffix
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• dṛśya – visible, to be seen, object of sight
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From root 'dṛś' (to see) + -ya suffix
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• tva – suffix forming abstract nouns, 'nature of being'
  suffix (neuter)

कल्पना (kalpanā) - Refers to the mind's illusory creation. (imagination, mental construction, fabrication)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kalpanā

kalpanā - imagination, mental construction, arrangement, fabrication

From root 'kḷp' (to arrange, form)

Root: kḷp (class 10)

कल्पनापुरम् (kalpanāpuram) - a city of imagination, a realm of mental constructs

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kalpanāpura

kalpanāpura - a city of imagination, an illusory city

Compound type : tatpurusha (kalpanā+pura)

• kalpanā – imagination, mental construction
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kḷp (class 10)
• pura – city, fortress
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with "kalpanā" (by sense), functioning as a predicate nominative.

स्वयम् (svayam) - by itself, spontaneously, personally

(indeclinable)

Adverb from 'sva' (self)

जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, what moves

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, that which moves

Present Active Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) in reduplicated form

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Also functions as a noun "the world".

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

आभाति (ābhāti) - appears, shines forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ābhā

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, active voice, P.P. root bhā (class 2)

Prefix: ā

Root: bhā (class 2)

जातम् (jātam) - "it has arisen" (born, arisen, produced)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

From root 'jan' (to be born, produce)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Implies an impersonal 'it' or 'the world'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quote or statement

(indeclinable)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Passive Indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, passive voice, P.P. root vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Root 'vac' becomes 'uc' in passive formations.

तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds to "yathā".