योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-136, verse-20

स्वेदजस्याल्पदेहस्य निःश्वासनिपतत्तनोः ।
द्वे तस्य मशकस्येह दिने भवति जीवितम् ॥ २० ॥

svedajasyālpadehasya niḥśvāsanipatattanoḥ ,
dve tasya maśakasyeha dine bhavati jīvitam 20

20. svedajasya alpadehasya niḥśvāsanipatattanoḥ
dve tasya maśakasya iha dine bhavati jīvitam

20. iha svedajasya alpadehasya niḥśvāsanipatattanoḥ
tasya maśakasya jīvitam dve dine bhavati

20. Here in this world, the lifespan of that mosquito, which is born from sweat, has a tiny body, and whose form perishes with a mere breath, is just two days.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वेदजस्य (svedajasya) - of one born from sweat

• अल्पदेहस्य (alpadehasya) - of one with a small body

• निःश्वासनिपतत्तनोः (niḥśvāsanipatattanoḥ) - whose body perishes with a breath, of one whose body falls due to exhalation

• द्वे (dve) - two

• तस्य (tasya) - of that, its

• मशकस्य (maśakasya) - of the mosquito

• इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world, in this case)

• दिने (dine) - days

• भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes, exists

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - lifespan (life, lifespan, livelihood)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वेदजस्य (svedajasya) - of one born from sweat

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of svedaja

svedaja - born from sweat or moisture (referring to certain insects)

compound of sveda (sweat) and ja (born from)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sveda+ja)

• sveda – sweat, perspiration
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svid (class 1)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  nominal agent from root
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies maśakasya.

अल्पदेहस्य (alpadehasya) - of one with a small body

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of alpadeha

alpadeha - having a small body

compound of alpa (small) and deha (body)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (alpa+deha)

• alpa – small, little
  adjective
• deha – body
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dih (class 4)

Note: Modifies maśakasya.

निःश्वासनिपतत्तनोः (niḥśvāsanipatattanoḥ) - whose body perishes with a breath, of one whose body falls due to exhalation

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of niḥśvāsanipatattanu

niḥśvāsanipatattanu - one whose body falls/perishes with a breath

Compound of niḥśvāsa (exhalation), nipatant (falling), and tanu (body). nipatant is a present active participle.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (niḥśvāsa+nipatant+tanu)

• niḥśvāsa – exhalation, breath
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from niḥ (out) + śvās (to breathe)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: śvas (class 2)
• nipatant – falling, perishing
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  From ni + root pat (to fall).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: pat (class 1)
• tanu – body, form
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies maśakasya.

द्वे (dve) - two

(numeral)

तस्य (tasya) - of that, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Genitive singular of tad.

Note: Refers to the mosquito.

मशकस्य (maśakasya) - of the mosquito

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of maśaka

maśaka - mosquito, gnat

Genitive singular of maśaka.

इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world, in this case)

(indeclinable)

दिने (dine) - days

(noun)

neuter, dual of dina

dina - day

Nominative/Accusative dual of dina.

भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of bhū

Present active 3rd singular

Root bhū in laṭ (present) with personal ending -ti.

Root: bhū (class 1)

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - lifespan (life, lifespan, livelihood)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, lifespan

Past Passive Participle

From root jīv (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Subject of bhavati.