योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-16, verse-18

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
विहंगम महाराज सत्यमेतत्त्वयोच्यते ।
द्रष्टुमभ्यागतोऽस्म्यद्य त्वामेव चिरजीवितम् ॥ १८ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
vihaṃgama mahārāja satyametattvayocyate ,
draṣṭumabhyāgato'smyadya tvāmeva cirajīvitam 18

18. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca | vihaṅgama mahārāja satyam etat tvayā
ucyate | draṣṭum abhyāgataḥ asmi adya tvām eva cirajīvitam

18. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca vihaṅgama mahārāja etat satyam tvayā
ucyate adya tvām eva cirajīvitam draṣṭum asmi abhyāgataḥ

18. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: 'O bird, great king, this truth is indeed spoken by you. I have come here today specifically to see you, the long-lived (cirajīvita) one.'

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The revered sage Vasiṣṭha (Śrī Vasiṣṭha)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• विहङ्गम (vihaṅgama) - Addressing Bhūśuṇḍa, who is a bird. (O bird, O one who moves in the sky)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - An honorific addressing Bhūśuṇḍa. (O great king, O sovereign)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality; truly

• एतत् (etat) - this

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is spoken, is said

• द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, in order to see

• अभ्यागतः (abhyāgataḥ) - arrived, come, approached

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, specifically

• चिरजीवितम् (cirajīvitam) - the long-lived one

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The revered sage Vasiṣṭha (Śrī Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - Revered Vasiṣṭha

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – holy, revered, glorious
  adjective (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha (name of a prominent Vedic sage)
  proper noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (Lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Irregular perfect tense (Lit lakara), 3rd person singular, active voice, of the root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

विहङ्गम (vihaṅgama) - Addressing Bhūśuṇḍa, who is a bird. (O bird, O one who moves in the sky)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vihaṅgama

vihaṅgama - bird, one who moves in the sky

महाराज (mahārāja) - An honorific addressing Bhūśuṇḍa. (O great king, O sovereign)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor, sovereign

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  From mahat, indicating greatness in compounds.
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality; truly

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality; true, real

Derived from sat (being, existing, √as).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Functions as the subject here, 'this truth'.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

Note: Adjectivally modifies 'satyam'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Agent in the passive construction with 'ucyate'.

उच्यते (ucyate) - is spoken, is said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (Lat) of vac

Present Tense, Passive Voice

Present tense (Lat lakara), 3rd person singular, passive voice, of the root vac. The root 'vac' often changes to 'uc' in passive forms.

Root: vac (class 2)

द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, in order to see

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root dṛś with the -tumun affix. The 'ś' of dṛś changes to 'ṣ' before 'ṭ'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Infinitive of purpose.

अभ्यागतः (abhyāgataḥ) - arrived, come, approached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyāgata

abhyāgata - approached, arrived, come

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefixes abhi- and ā-, formed with kta suffix.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (Lat) of as

Present Tense

Present tense (Lat lakara), 1st person singular, active voice, of the root as.

Root: as (class 2)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Object of the infinitive 'draṣṭum'.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, specifically

(indeclinable)

Particle of emphasis.

Note: Emphasizes 'tvām'.

चिरजीवितम् (cirajīvitam) - the long-lived one

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of cirajīvita

cirajīvita - long-lived, immortal

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (cira+jīvita)

• cira – long (time), lasting, ancient
  indeclinable
• jīvita – lived, existing; life (as a noun)
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root jīv (to live) with the kta suffix.
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tvām'.

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