योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-15, verse-18

नोन्मत्तापि जरा चक्षुस्तथा जरयति क्षणात् ।
यथा जरयति क्षामा तृष्णा हृदयरूपिका ॥ १८ ॥

nonmattāpi jarā cakṣustathā jarayati kṣaṇāt ,
yathā jarayati kṣāmā tṛṣṇā hṛdayarūpikā 18

18. na unmattā api jarā cakṣuḥ tathā jarayati
kṣaṇāt yathā jarayati kṣāmā tṛṣṇā hṛdayarūpikā

18. unmattā api na jarā cakṣuḥ tathā kṣaṇāt jarayati
yathā kṣāmā hṛdayarūpikā tṛṣṇā jarayati

18. Even old age, though not frenzied, does not decay the eye as swiftly as emaciated craving (tṛṣṇā), residing within the heart, decays the heart itself.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (negating the maddened state of old age) (not, no, nor)

• उन्मत्ता (unmattā) - maddened (by passion or intensity) (maddened, insane, frenzied, wild)

• अपि (api) - even, though (concessive, "even though not maddened") (even, also, too, moreover)

• जरा (jarā) - old age (as a destructive force) (old age, decay, decrepitude)

• चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - the eye (as an organ affected by old age) (eye, sight, vision)

• तथा (tathā) - so, as much, in that manner (referring to the extent of decay) (so, thus, in that manner)

• जरयति (jarayati) - causes to decay, wears out (causes to decay, wears out, wastes away)

• क्षणात् (kṣaṇāt) - as quickly as (temporal adverb) (instantly, in a moment, quickly)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (introducing a comparison) (just as, as, according to)

• क्षामा (kṣāmā) - emaciated (describing craving, implying it feeds on one's vital energy) (thin, wasted, emaciated, weak)

• तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - craving (tṛṣṇā), as the primary destructive force (craving, thirst, desire, longing)

• हृदयरूपिका (hṛdayarūpikā) - residing within the heart (describing how craving affects the heart) (heart-shaped, in the form of the heart, residing in the heart)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (negating the maddened state of old age) (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

उन्मत्ता (unmattā) - maddened (by passion or intensity) (maddened, insane, frenzied, wild)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of unmatta

unmatta - maddened, insane, frenzied, wild, intoxicated

Past Passive Participle

From root `mad` (to be mad, intoxicated) with prefix `ud`.

Prefix: ud

Root: mad (class 4)

अपि (api) - even, though (concessive, "even though not maddened") (even, also, too, moreover)

(indeclinable)

जरा (jarā) - old age (as a destructive force) (old age, decay, decrepitude)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decay, decrepitude, wearing out

From root `jṛ` (to grow old, decay).

Root: jṛ (class 9)

चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - the eye (as an organ affected by old age) (eye, sight, vision)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cakṣus

cakṣus - eye, sight, vision, light

From root `cakṣ` (to see).

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Object of `jarayati` in the first clause.

तथा (tathā) - so, as much, in that manner (referring to the extent of decay) (so, thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

जरयति (jarayati) - causes to decay, wears out (causes to decay, wears out, wastes away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (ṇic-laṭ) of jaray

Causative Present Active

Causative form of root `jṛ` (to grow old, decay). 3rd person singular present tense, active voice.

Root: jṛ (class 9)

क्षणात् (kṣaṇāt) - as quickly as (temporal adverb) (instantly, in a moment, quickly)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - instant, moment, very short time

यथा (yathā) - just as (introducing a comparison) (just as, as, according to)

(indeclinable)

क्षामा (kṣāmā) - emaciated (describing craving, implying it feeds on one's vital energy) (thin, wasted, emaciated, weak)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣāma

kṣāma - thin, wasted, emaciated, weak, worn out

Past Passive Participle

From root `kṣai` (to waste away, diminish).

Root: kṣai (class 1)

तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - craving (tṛṣṇā), as the primary destructive force (craving, thirst, desire, longing)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tṛṣṇā

tṛṣṇā - craving, thirst, desire, longing, avidity

From root `tṛṣ` (to thirst).

Root: tṛṣ (class 4)

हृदयरूपिका (hṛdayarūpikā) - residing within the heart (describing how craving affects the heart) (heart-shaped, in the form of the heart, residing in the heart)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hṛdayarūpikā

hṛdayarūpikā - in the form of the heart, heart-shaped, heart-dwelling

Compound of `hṛdaya` (heart) and `rūpikā` (form, appearance, having the form).

Compound type : descriptive compound (hṛdaya+rūpikā)

• hṛdaya – heart, mind, soul, core
  noun (neuter)
• rūpikā – form, appearance, having the form of, image, statue
  noun (feminine)
  From `rūpa` (form) + `ika` suffix.

Previous Verse Next Verse