वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-76, verse-1

लक्ष्मणस्य तु तद्वाक्यं श्रुत्वा शत्रुनिबर्हणः ।
वृत्रघातमशेषेण कथयेत्याह लक्ष्मणम् ॥१॥

1. lakṣmaṇasya tu tadvākyaṃ śrutvā śatrunibarhaṇaḥ ,
vṛtraghātamaśeṣeṇa kathayetyāha lakṣmaṇam.

1. lakṣmaṇasya tu tat vākyam śrutvā śatrunibarhaṇaḥ
vṛtraghatam aśeṣeṇa kathaya iti āha lakṣmaṇam

1. śatrunibarhaṇaḥ tu lakṣmaṇasya tat vākyam śrutvā
vṛtraghatam aśeṣeṇa kathaya iti lakṣmaṇam āha

1. Having heard those words of Lakṣmaṇa, the destroyer of enemies (Rāma) said to Lakṣmaṇa, "Relate the story of Vṛtra's slaying in its entirety."

Words meanings summery:

• लक्ष्मणस्य (lakṣmaṇasya) - of Lakṣmaṇa

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तत् (tat) - that, those

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• शत्रुनिबर्हणः (śatrunibarhaṇaḥ) - Refers to Rāma, known for his prowess in defeating adversaries. (destroyer of enemies, enemy-destroyer)

• वृत्रघतम् (vṛtraghatam) - the slaying of Vṛtra, the killing of Vṛtra

• अशेषेण (aśeṣeṇa) - completely, entirely, without remainder

• कथय (kathaya) - relate, tell, narrate

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotation marker)

• आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

• लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - to Lakṣmaṇa

Words meanings and morphology

लक्ष्मणस्य (lakṣmaṇasya) - of Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (brother of Rāma)

Note: Possessive, relating to 'vākyam'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes a slight shift or continuation.

तत् (tat) - that, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, agrees with 'vākyam'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Derived from 'vāc' (speech).

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root 'śru' (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Absolutive.

शत्रुनिबर्हणः (śatrunibarhaṇaḥ) - Refers to Rāma, known for his prowess in defeating adversaries. (destroyer of enemies, enemy-destroyer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrunibarhaṇa

śatrunibarhaṇa - destroyer of enemies

Compound of 'śatru' (enemy) and 'nibarhaṇa' (destroying).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śatru+nibarhaṇa)

• śatru – enemy, foe, adversary
  noun (masculine)
• nibarhaṇa – destroying, crushing, slayer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root 'bṛh' with prefix 'ni' (to crush, slay).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: bṛh (class 6)

Note: Subject of 'āha'.

वृत्रघतम् (vṛtraghatam) - the slaying of Vṛtra, the killing of Vṛtra

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛtraghat

vṛtraghat - slaying of Vṛtra

Compound of 'vṛtra' (name of a demon) and 'ghāta' (killing, striking).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vṛtra+ghāta)

• vṛtra – Vṛtra (a Vedic demon, personification of drought and obstruction)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ghāta – killing, slaying, striking
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Object of 'kathaya'.

अशेषेण (aśeṣeṇa) - completely, entirely, without remainder

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aśeṣa

aśeṣa - entire, complete, without remainder

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'śeṣa' (remainder).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+śeṣa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• śeṣa – remainder, residue, balance
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'śiṣ' (to leave).
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Adverbial usage, indicating the manner of telling.

कथय (kathaya) - relate, tell, narrate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kath

Denominative verb from 'kathā' (story) or root 'kath' (10th class).

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Imperative, active voice, command to Lakṣmaṇa.

इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Note: Quotation marker.

आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect tense form of root 'brū' or 'vac' (often used without a distinct root form for perfect).

Root: ah

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - to Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (brother of Rāma)

Note: Indirect object of 'āha'.

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