वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-69, verse-8

सो ऽहं वनमिदं दुर्गं मृगपक्षिविवर्जितम् ।
तपश्चर्तुं प्रविष्टो ऽस्मि समीपे सरसः शुभे ॥८॥

8. so'haṃ vanamidaṃ durgaṃ mṛgapakṣivivarjitam ,
tapaścartuṃ praviṣṭo'smi samīpe sarasaḥ śubhe.

8. saḥ aham vanam idam durgam mṛgapakṣivivarjitam
tapaḥ cartum praviṣṭaḥ asmi samīpe sarasaḥ śubhe

8. saḥ aham idam durgam mṛgapakṣivivarjitam vanam
praviṣṭaḥ asmi śubhe sarasaḥ samīpe tapaḥ cartum

8. I entered this formidable forest, devoid of deer and birds, to undertake spiritual austerity (tapas) near a beautiful lake.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - I (referring to the speaker) (he, that)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

• इदम् (idam) - this

• दुर्गम् (durgam) - difficult to access, formidable, inaccessible

• मृगपक्षिविवर्जितम् (mṛgapakṣivivarjitam) - devoid of deer and birds

• तपः (tapaḥ) - spiritual austerity (tapas) (spiritual austerity, penance, heat)

• चर्तुम् (cartum) - to perform, to practice, to move about

• प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - entered, having entered

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• समीपे (samīpe) - near, in the vicinity, close by

• सरसः (sarasaḥ) - of a lake, from a lake

• शुभे (śubhe) - beautiful (modifying an implied 'lake') (beautiful, auspicious, shining)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - I (referring to the speaker) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used in apposition with 'aham' (I).

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

दुर्गम् (durgam) - difficult to access, formidable, inaccessible

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of durga

durga - difficult to access, inaccessible, formidable, a fortress, stronghold

Root: gam (class 1)

मृगपक्षिविवर्जितम् (mṛgapakṣivivarjitam) - devoid of deer and birds

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mṛgapakṣivivarjita

mṛgapakṣivivarjita - devoid of deer and birds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛga+pakṣi+vivarjita)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛg (class 1)
• pakṣi – bird, wing
  noun (masculine)
• vivarjita – devoid of, abandoned, shunned, excluded
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of 'vi-vṛj' (to avoid, abandon)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛj (class 1)

तपः (tapaḥ) - spiritual austerity (tapas) (spiritual austerity, penance, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - spiritual austerity, penance, heat, religious fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

चर्तुम् (cartum) - to perform, to practice, to move about

(verb)

infinitive of car

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'car'.

Root: car (class 1)

प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - entered, having entered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, gone into, initiated into

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root 'viś' (to enter) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present 1st person singular of root 'as'.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used with 'praviṣṭaḥ' to form a perfect tense equivalent: 'I have entered'.

समीपे (samīpe) - near, in the vicinity, close by

(indeclinable)

Note: Here used adverbially, meaning 'near' or 'in the vicinity'.

सरसः (sarasaḥ) - of a lake, from a lake

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of saras

saras - lake, pond, pool, water

शुभे (śubhe) - beautiful (modifying an implied 'lake') (beautiful, auspicious, shining)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - beautiful, auspicious, propitious, shining

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with an implied locative of 'saras' (sarasi).