वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-69, verse-15

स्वशरीरं त्वया पुष्टं कुर्वता तप उत्तमम् ।
अनुप्तं रोहते श्वेत न कदा चिन्महामते ॥१५॥

15. svaśarīraṃ tvayā puṣṭaṃ kurvatā tapa uttamam ,
anuptaṃ rohate śveta na kadā cinmahāmate.

15. svaśarīram tvayā puṣṭam kurvatā tapaḥ uttamam
anuptam rohate śveta na kadācit mahāmate

15. tvayā uttamam tapaḥ kurvatā svaśarīram puṣṭam
śveta mahāmate anuptam kadācit na rohate

15. While you nourish your own body by performing excellent austerity (tapas), O Śveta, that which is unsown never grows, O great-minded one.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वशरीरम् (svaśarīram) - The physical body of the person being addressed. (one's own body)

• त्वया (tvayā) - The agent of the action 'nourishing' and 'performing'. (by you)

• पुष्टम् (puṣṭam) - Referring to the body that is being nourished. (nourished, strong, prosperous, full)

• कुर्वता (kurvatā) - By you who are performing. (by one performing, while performing/making)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - Religious or spiritual discipline. (austerity, penance, heat)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - Describing the quality of the austerity. (excellent, supreme, best)

• अनुप्तम् (anuptam) - What has not been sowed/planted as a metaphor for effort. (unsown, unplanted)

• रोहते (rohate) - It grows (referring to what is sown). (it grows, it sprouts, it ascends)

• श्वेत (śveta) - Addressing a person named Śveta. (O Śveta (name), white, bright)

• न (na) - Negation of 'grows'. (not, no)

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - Never. (ever, at any time, sometimes, never (with na))

• महामते (mahāmate) - Addressing the listener. (O great-minded one, O wise one)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वशरीरम् (svaśarīram) - The physical body of the person being addressed. (one's own body)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svaśarīra

svaśarīra - one's own body

Compound of sva (one's own) and śarīra (body).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+śarīra)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun (neuter)
• śarīra – body, frame
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'kurvatā'.

त्वया (tvayā) - The agent of the action 'nourishing' and 'performing'. (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent of the present participle 'kurvatā'.

पुष्टम् (puṣṭam) - Referring to the body that is being nourished. (nourished, strong, prosperous, full)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of puṣṭa

puṣṭa - nourished, strong, developed, prosperous

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root puṣ (to nourish, thrive).

Root: puṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'svaśarīram'.

कुर्वता (kurvatā) - By you who are performing. (by one performing, while performing/making)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kurvat

kurvat - doing, making, performing

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Instrumental singular. Modifies 'tvayā'.

तपः (tapaḥ) - Religious or spiritual discipline. (austerity, penance, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity (tapas), penance, heat, religious devotion

Note: Object of 'kurvatā'.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - Describing the quality of the austerity. (excellent, supreme, best)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, supreme

Note: Agrees with 'tapaḥ'.

अनुप्तम् (anuptam) - What has not been sowed/planted as a metaphor for effort. (unsown, unplanted)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anupta

anupta - unsown, unplanted, uncultivated

Past Passive Participle (negative)

Negative particle 'a' + Past Passive Participle of root vap (to sow, plant).

Compound type : prādi/tatpuruṣa (a+upta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• upta – sown, planted
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root vap (to sow).
  Root: vap (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'rohate'.

रोहते (rohate) - It grows (referring to what is sown). (it grows, it sprouts, it ascends)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ruh

present tense, 3rd person singular

Present tense, middle voice (ātmanepada) form of root ruh.

Root: ruh (class 1)

श्वेत (śveta) - Addressing a person named Śveta. (O Śveta (name), white, bright)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śveta

śveta - white, bright, name of a sage/king

न (na) - Negation of 'grows'. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

कदाचित् (kadācit) - Never. (ever, at any time, sometimes, never (with na))

(indeclinable)

Formed from interrogative stem kada (when) + cit (indefinite particle).

महामते (mahāmate) - Addressing the listener. (O great-minded one, O wise one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmat

mahāmat - great-minded, wise, intelligent

Compound 'mahā' (great) + 'mat' (having intellect). Vocative singular.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• mati – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (feminine)

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