वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-69, verse-2

शृणु ब्रह्मन्यथावृत्तं ममैतत् सुखदुःखयोः ।
दुरतिक्रमणीयं हि यथा पृच्छसि मां द्विज ॥२॥

2. śṛṇu brahmanyathāvṛttaṃ mamaitat sukhaduḥkhayoḥ ,
duratikramaṇīyaṃ hi yathā pṛcchasi māṃ dvija.

2. śṛṇu brahman yathāvṛttam mama etat sukhaduḥkhayoḥ
duratikramaṇīyam hi yathā pṛcchasi mām dvija

2. brahman dvija mama etat sukhaduḥkhayoḥ yathāvṛttam
hi duratikramaṇīyam yathā mām pṛcchasi śṛṇu

2. O (brahman), listen to this true account of my joys and sorrows, which is indeed inescapable, as you question me, O twice-born (dvija).

Words meanings summery:

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - Listen! Hear!

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O (brahman), O holy one

• यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - as it happened, true account, factual

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• एतत् (etat) - this

• सुखदुःखयोः (sukhaduḥkhayoḥ) - of happiness and sorrow, concerning happiness and sorrow

• दुरतिक्रमणीयम् (duratikramaṇīyam) - difficult to transgress, insurmountable, inescapable

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as

• पृच्छसि (pṛcchasi) - you ask, you question

• माम् (mām) - me

• द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born, O brahmin

Words meanings and morphology

शृणु (śṛṇu) - Listen! Hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

imperative

2nd person singular imperative active, Parasmaipada

Root: śru (class 5)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O (brahman), O holy one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - brahman, universal spirit, priest, holy man

यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - as it happened, true account, factual

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yathāvṛtta

yathāvṛtta - as it happened, true account, factual

Compound type : karmadhāraya (yathā+vṛtta)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – happened, occurred, conduct, event
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root vṛt 'to happen'
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun here, 'the true account'.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to 'yathāvṛttam'.

सुखदुःखयोः (sukhaduḥkhayoḥ) - of happiness and sorrow, concerning happiness and sorrow

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, dual of sukhaduḥkha

sukhaduḥkha - happiness and sorrow, pleasure and pain

Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)

• sukha – happiness, pleasure
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)

Note: Dual because it refers to two things: happiness AND sorrow. Could also be locative dual.

दुरतिक्रमणीयम् (duratikramaṇīyam) - difficult to transgress, insurmountable, inescapable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duratikramaṇīya

duratikramaṇīya - difficult to transgress, insurmountable, inescapable

Gerundive

from root kram 'to step, go' with upasargas dur- and ati-

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+atikramaṇīya)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard to
  indeclinable
• atikramaṇīya – to be transgressed, to be surpassed
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from root kram 'to step, go' with prefix ati-
  Prefix: ati
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'yathāvṛttam' (the account).

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlative with an implied 'so' or 'thus'.

पृच्छसि (pṛcchasi) - you ask, you question

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of praccha

present indicative

2nd person singular present indicative active, Parasmaipada

Root: praccha (class 6)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born, O brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (a brahmin, kshatriya, or vaishya; often specifically brahmin), bird, tooth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born
  adjective (masculine)
  derivative from root jan
  from root jan 'to be born'
  Root: jan (class 4)