वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-69, verse-4

तस्य पुत्रद्वयं ब्रह्मन्द्वाभ्यां स्त्रीभ्यामजायत ।
अहं श्वेत इति ख्यातो यवीयान् सुरथो ऽभवत् ॥४॥

4. tasya putradvayaṃ brahmandvābhyāṃ strībhyāmajāyata ,
ahaṃ śveta iti khyāto yavīyān suratho'bhavat.

4. tasya putradvayam brahman dvābhyām strībhyām ajāyata
aham śveta iti khyātaḥ yavīyān surathaḥ abhavat

4. brahman tasya dvābhyām strībhyām putradvayam ajāyata.
aham śveta iti khyātaḥ,
yavīyān surathaḥ abhavat.

4. O (brahman), two sons were born to him from two wives. I was named Śveta, and the younger one became Suratha.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• पुत्रद्वयम् (putradvayam) - a pair of sons, two sons

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O (brahman), O holy one

• द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - by two, with two

• स्त्रीभ्याम् (strībhyām) - by two women, by two wives

• अजायत (ajāyata) - was born

• अहम् (aham) - I

• श्वेत (śveta) - The speaker's name (Śveta (proper name))

• इति (iti) - thus, so, named

• ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - known, famous

• यवीयान् (yavīyān) - younger, younger brother

• सुरथः (surathaḥ) - The younger son's name (Suratha (proper name))

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him

Note: Refers to the father (Sudeva).

पुत्रद्वयम् (putradvayam) - a pair of sons, two sons

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of putradvaya

putradvaya - a pair of sons, two sons

Compound type : dvigu (putra+dvaya)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• dvaya – pair, duo, two
  noun (neuter)

Note: The suffix '-dvaya' makes it a singular neuter noun meaning 'a pair of X'.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O (brahman), O holy one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - brahman, universal spirit, priest, holy man

द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - by two, with two

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'strībhyām'. Also dative/ablative dual.

स्त्रीभ्याम् (strībhyām) - by two women, by two wives

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, dual of strī

strī - woman, wife

Note: Also dative/ablative dual. Here instrumental, indicating source.

अजायत (ajāyata) - was born

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of jan

imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect middle, Ātmanepada

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject is 'putradvayam'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Refers to the speaker.

श्वेत (śveta) - The speaker's name (Śveta (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śveta

śveta - white, bright, a proper name

Note: Predicate nominative to 'aham'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, named

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to introduce a name or statement.

ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - known, famous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khyāta

khyāta - known, famous, celebrated

Past Passive Participle

from root khyā 'to be known'

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'aham'.

यवीयान् (yavīyān) - younger, younger brother

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yavīyas

yavīyas - younger, youngest

comparative degree

from yuvan (young) with -īyas suffix

Note: Modifies 'surathaḥ'.

सुरथः (surathaḥ) - The younger son's name (Suratha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suratha

suratha - having a good chariot, a proper name

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect active, Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

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