वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-59, verse-14

तच्छ्रुत्वा विप्रियं घोरं सहस्राक्षेण भाषितम् ।
व्रीडितो ऽवाङ्मुखो राजा व्याहर्तुं न शशाक ह ॥१४॥

14. tacchrutvā vipriyaṃ ghoraṃ sahasrākṣeṇa bhāṣitam ,
vrīḍito'vāṅmukho rājā vyāhartuṃ na śaśāka ha.

14. tat śrutvā vipriyam ghoram sahasrākṣeṇa bhāṣitam
vrīḍitaḥ avāṅmukhaḥ rājā vyāhartum na śaśāka ha

14. saḥ rājā sahasrākṣeṇa bhāṣitam tat ghoram vipriyam
śrutvā vrīḍitaḥ avāṅmukhaḥ vyāhartum na śaśāka ha

14. Hearing those dreadful, unpleasant words spoken by the thousand-eyed one (Indra), the king became ashamed and downcast, unable to utter a word.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - those (words) (that, those)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (the words) (having heard)

• विप्रियम् (vipriyam) - unpleasantness, unpleasant words (unpleasant, disagreeable, hateful)

• घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful (words) (dreadful, terrible, awful)

• सहस्राक्षेण (sahasrākṣeṇa) - by the thousand-eyed one (Indra) (by the thousand-eyed one, by Indra)

• भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - spoken (words) (spoken, said)

• व्रीडितः (vrīḍitaḥ) - ashamed (the king) (ashamed, embarrassed)

• अवाङ्मुखः (avāṅmukhaḥ) - downcast (the king, with his face turned downwards) (downcast face, looking downwards)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (king)

• व्याहर्तुम् (vyāhartum) - to speak (a word) (to speak, to utter)

• न (na) - not

• शशाक (śaśāka) - he was able (to speak) (he was able)

• ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, verily (particle of emphasis))

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - those (words) (that, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used as an adjective for 'vipriyam'

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (the words) (having heard)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Root 'śru' (5th class), absolutive suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Also called a gerund.

विप्रियम् (vipriyam) - unpleasantness, unpleasant words (unpleasant, disagreeable, hateful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vipriya

vipriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, hostile

Prefix: vi

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Can function as a noun meaning 'unpleasant thing/word'.

घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful (words) (dreadful, terrible, awful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, awful

Note: Adjective modifying 'vipriyam'.

सहस्राक्षेण (sahasrākṣeṇa) - by the thousand-eyed one (Indra) (by the thousand-eyed one, by Indra)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sahasrākṣa

sahasrākṣa - thousand-eyed, a name of Indra

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sahasra+akṣi)

• sahasra – thousand
  numeral (neuter)
• akṣi – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'bhāṣitam'.

भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - spoken (words) (spoken, said)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

Root 'bhāṣ' (1st class), past passive participle

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'vipriyam'.

व्रीडितः (vrīḍitaḥ) - ashamed (the king) (ashamed, embarrassed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vrīḍita

vrīḍita - ashamed, embarrassed

Past Passive Participle

Root 'vrīḍ' (1st class), past passive participle

Root: vrīḍ (class 1)

Note: Functions as predicate adjective for 'rājā'.

अवाङ्मुखः (avāṅmukhaḥ) - downcast (the king, with his face turned downwards) (downcast face, looking downwards)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avāṅmukha

avāṅmukha - having face turned downwards, downcast

Compound type : bahuvrihi (avāñc+mukha)

• avāñc – downwards, towards below
  adjective
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'rājā'.

राजा (rājā) - the king (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

व्याहर्तुम् (vyāhartum) - to speak (a word) (to speak, to utter)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Root 'hṛ' (1st class) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ā', infinitive ending -tum

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

शशाक (śaśāka) - he was able (to speak) (he was able)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of śak

Perfect Active

Root 'śak' (5th class), perfect 3rd singular active

Root: śak (class 5)

ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, verily (particle of emphasis))

(indeclinable)