वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-42, verse-23

श्रुत्वा तु वाक्यं काकुत्स्थः सर्वेषां समुदीरितम् ।
विसर्जयामास तदा सर्वांस्ताञ् शत्रुतापनः ॥२३॥

23. śrutvā tu vākyaṃ kākutsthaḥ sarveṣāṃ samudīritam ,
visarjayāmāsa tadā sarvāṃstāñ śatrutāpanaḥ.

23. śrutvā tu vākyam kākutsthaḥ sarveṣām sam-udīritam
visarjayāmāsa tadā sarvān tān śatru-tāpanaḥ

23. tadā kākutsthaḥ śatru-tāpanaḥ tu sarveṣām
sam-udīritam vākyam śrutvā sarvān tān visarjayāmāsa

23. Then, Kākutstha, the subduer of foes, having heard the words spoken by all of them, dismissed them all.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the action) (but, however, indeed)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech (word, speech, sentence)

• काकुत्स्थः (kākutsthaḥ) - Kākutstha (Rāma) (descendant of Kākutstha, Rāma)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (the friends) (of all)

• सम्-उदीरितम् (sam-udīritam) - spoken, uttered (well-uttered, spoken, declared)

• विसर्जयामास (visarjayāmāsa) - he dismissed (he dismissed, sent away, abandoned)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (of them) (all, entire)

• तान् (tān) - them (the friends) (those, them)

• शत्रु-तापनः (śatru-tāpanaḥ) - the subduer of foes (tormentor of enemies, subduer of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root śru (to hear) with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the action) (but, however, indeed)

(indeclinable)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

काकुत्स्थः (kākutsthaḥ) - Kākutstha (Rāma) (descendant of Kākutstha, Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kākutstha, Rāma

Patronymic from Kākutstha.

Note: Subject of 'visarjayāmāsa'.

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all (the friends) (of all)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam' (words of whom).

सम्-उदीरितम् (sam-udīritam) - spoken, uttered (well-uttered, spoken, declared)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samudīrita

samudīrita - well-spoken, clearly uttered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root īr (to stir, utter) with upasargas sam and ud.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: īr (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'vākyam'.

विसर्जयामास (visarjayāmāsa) - he dismissed (he dismissed, sent away, abandoned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of visṛj

Causative Perfect (lit)

Derived from root sṛj (to abandon, let go) with upasarga vi and causative stem (-aya) in perfect tense.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Formed with the periphrastic perfect auxiliary 'āmāsa'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (of them) (all, entire)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Modifies 'tān'.

तान् (tān) - them (the friends) (those, them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'visarjayāmāsa'.

शत्रु-तापनः (śatru-tāpanaḥ) - the subduer of foes (tormentor of enemies, subduer of foes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatru-tāpana

śatru-tāpana - tormenting foes, subduing enemies

Compound of śatru (enemy) and tāpana (heating, tormenting, subduing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śatru+tāpana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• tāpana – heating, tormenting, causing pain, subduing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Participial
  Derived from root tap (to heat, torment) with suffix -ana.
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Rāma, agrees with 'kākutsthaḥ'.