वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-42, verse-22

सर्वे तु शिरसा भूमावभिवाद्य प्रणम्य च ।
प्रत्यूचू राघवं दीनमेवमेतन्न संशयः ॥२२॥

22. sarve tu śirasā bhūmāvabhivādya praṇamya ca ,
pratyūcū rāghavaṃ dīnamevametanna saṃśayaḥ.

22. sarve tu śirasā bhūmau abhivādya praṇamya ca
pratyūcuḥ rāghavam dīnam evam etat na saṃśayaḥ

22. tu sarve śirasā bhūmau abhivādya ca praṇamya
dīnam rāghavam pratyūcuḥ evam etat saṃśayaḥ na

22. However, all of them, having saluted and prostrated with their heads to the ground, replied to the distressed Rāghava, "This is certainly true; there is no doubt."

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (the friends) (all, everyone)

• तु (tu) - however (but, however, indeed, on the other hand)

• शिरसा (śirasā) - with their heads (with the head)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - to the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted (having saluted, having bowed respectfully)

• प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having prostrated (having bowed down, having prostrated)

• च (ca) - and

• प्रत्यूचुः (pratyūcuḥ) - they replied (they replied, they said in return)

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - to Rāghava (Rāma) (to the descendant of Raghu, to Rāma)

• दीनम् (dīnam) - distressed (distressed, sorrowful, miserable)

• एवम् (evam) - certainly true, so (thus, in this manner, so)

• एतत् (etat) - this (matter) (this)

• न (na) - no (not, no)

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt (doubt, uncertainty)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वे (sarve) - all (the friends) (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

तु (tu) - however (but, however, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction indicating a slight contrast or continuation.

शिरसा (śirasā) - with their heads (with the head)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head

Note: Used adverbially to indicate the manner of bowing.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - to the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: Indicates location.

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted (having saluted, having bowed respectfully)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root vad (to speak, salute) with upasarga abhi and suffix -ya.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having prostrated (having bowed down, having prostrated)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root nam (to bow) with upasarga pra and suffix -ya.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Post-positional conjunction.

प्रत्यूचुः (pratyūcuḥ) - they replied (they replied, they said in return)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of prati-vac

Derived from root vac (to speak) with upasarga prati.

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Sandhi of prati + ūcuḥ results in pratyūcuḥ.

राघवम् (rāghavam) - to Rāghava (Rāma) (to the descendant of Raghu, to Rāma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rāma

Patronymic from Raghu.

Note: Object of the verb 'pratyūcuḥ'.

दीनम् (dīnam) - distressed (distressed, sorrowful, miserable)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, sorrowful, poor

Past Passive Participle (sometimes)

Derived from root dai (to be weary, to pity) or dī (to decay).

Root: dai (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'rāghavam'.

एवम् (evam) - certainly true, so (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to affirm.

एतत् (etat) - this (matter) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, these

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

न (na) - no (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of negation.

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt (doubt, uncertainty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty

Derived from root śī (to lie, to doubt) with upasarga sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for implied 'asti'.